.. Converse.js documentation master file, created by sphinx-quickstart on Fri Apr 26 20:48:03 2013. You can adapt this file completely to your liking, but it should at least contain the root `toctree` directive. .. toctree:: :maxdepth: 2 .. contents:: Table of Contents :depth: 3 :local: ========================================= Quickstart (to get a demo up and running) ========================================= When you download a specific release of *Converse.js* there will be two minified files inside the zip file. * converse.min.js * converse.min.css You can include these two files inside the ** element of your website via the *script* and *link* tags: :: You need to initialize Converse.js with configuration settings particular to your requirements. Please refer to the `Configuration variables`_ section further below for info on all the available configuration settings. To do this, put the following inline Javascript code at the bottom of your page (after the closing ** element). :: require(['converse'], function (converse) { converse.initialize({ auto_list_rooms: false, auto_subscribe: false, bosh_service_url: 'https://bind.opkode.im', // Please use this connection manager only for testing purposes hide_muc_server: false, i18n: locales.en, // Refer to ./locale/locales.js to see which locales are supported prebind: false, show_controlbox_by_default: true, xhr_user_search: false }); }); Finally, Converse.js requires a special snippet of HTML markup to be included in your page: ::
Toggle chat
The `index.html `_ file inside the Converse.js repository serves as a nice usable example of this. These minified files provide the same demo-like functionality as is available on the `conversejs.org `_ website. Useful for testing or demoing, but not very practical. You'll most likely want to implement some kind of single-signon solution for your website, where users authenticate once in your website and then stay logged into their XMPP session upon page reload. For more info on this, read: `Pre-binding and Single Session Support`_. You might also want to have more fine-grained control of what gets included in the minified Javascript file. Read `Configuration`_ and `Minification`_ for more info on how to do that. ============ Introduction ============ Even though you can connect to public XMPP servers on the `conversejs.org`_ website, *Converse.js* is not really meant to be a "Software-as-a-service" (SaaS) webchat. Instead, its goal is to provide the means for website owners to add a tightly integrated instant messaging service to their own sites. As a website owner, you are expected to host *Converse.js* yourself, and to do some legwork to properly configure and integrate it into your site. The benefit in doing this, is that your users have a much more streamlined and integrated webchat experience and that you have control over the data. The latter being a requirement for many sites dealing with sensitive information. You'll need to set up your own XMPP server and in order to have `Session Support`_ (i.e. single-signon functionality whereby users are authenticated once and stay logged in to XMPP upon page reload) you will also have to add some server-side code. The `What you will need`_ section has more information on all these requirements. ================== What you will need ================== An XMPP/Jabber server ===================== *Converse.js* implements `XMPP`_ as its messaging protocol, and therefore needs to connect to an XMPP/Jabber server (Jabber is really just a synonym for XMPP). You can connect to public XMPP servers like ``jabber.org`` but if you want to have `Session Support`_ you'll have to set up your own XMPP server. You can find a list of public XMPP servers/providers on `xmpp.net`_ and a list of servers that you can set up yourself on `xmpp.org`_. Connection Manager ================== Your website and *Converse.js* use `HTTP`_ as protocol to communicate with the webserver. HTTP connections are stateless and usually shortlived. `XMPP`_ on the other hand, is the protocol that enables instant messaging, and its connections are stateful and usually longer. To enable a web application like *Converse.js* to communicate with an XMPP server, we need a proxy in the middle that can act as a bridge between the two protocols. This is the job of a connection manager. A connection manager can be either a standalone application or part of an XMPP server. `ejabberd`_ for example, includes a connection manager (but you have to enable it). The demo on the `Converse.js homepage`_ uses a a connection manager located at https://bind.opkode.im. This connection manager is for testing purposes only, please don't use it in production. Overcoming cross-domain request restrictions -------------------------------------------- The domain of the *Converse.js* demo is *conversejs.org*, but the domain of the connection manager is *opkode.im*. HTTP requests are made by *Converse.js* to the connection manager via XmlHttpRequests (XHR). Until recently, it was not possible to make such requests to a different domain than the one currently being served (to prevent XSS attacks). Luckily there is now a standard called `CORS`_ (Cross-origin resource sharing), which enables exactly that. Modern browsers support CORS, but there are problems with Internet Explorer < 10. IE 8 and 9 partially support CORS via a proprietary implementation called XDomainRequest. There is a `Strophe.js plugin`_ which you can use to enable support for XDomainRequest when it is present. In IE < 8, there is no support for CORS. If you need to support these browsers, you can add a front-end proxy in Apache/Nginx which serves the connection manager under the same domain as your website. This will remove the need for any cross-domain XHR support. Server-side authentication ========================== .. _`Session Support`: Pre-binding and Single Session Support -------------------------------------- It's possible to enable single-site login, whereby users already authenticated in your website will also automatically be logged in on the chat server, but this will require custom code on your server. Jack Moffitt has a great `blogpost`_ about this and even provides an `example Django application`_ to demonstrate it. .. Note:: If you want to enable single session support, make sure to pass **prebind: true** when you call **converse.initialize** (see ./index.html). Additionally you need to pass in valid **jid**, **sid**, **rid** and **bosh_service_url** values. When you authenticate to the XMPP server on your backend, you'll receive two tokens, RID (request ID) and SID (session ID). These tokens then need to be passed back to the javascript running in your browser, where you will need them to attach to the existing session. You can embed the RID and SID tokens in your HTML markup or you can do an XMLHttpRequest call to your server and ask it to return them for you. Below is one example of how this could work. An Ajax call is made to the relative URL **/prebind** and it expects to receive JSON data back. :: $.getJSON('/prebind', function (data) { converse.initialize({ prebind: true, bosh_service_url: data.bosh_service_url, jid: data.jid, sid: data.sid, rid: data.rid }); ); **Here's what's happening:** The JSON data contains the user's JID (jabber ID), RID, SID and the URL to the BOSH connection manager. Facebook integration ==================== .. Note :: It should be possible to integrate Converse.js with Facebook chat, and below I'll provide some tips and documentation on how to achieve this. That said, I don't have a Facebook account and therefore haven't tried to do this myself. Feedback and patches from people who have succesfully done this will be appreciated. Converse.js uses `Strophe.js `_ to connect and communicate with the XMPP server. One nice thing about Strophe.js is that it can be extended via `plugins `_. Here is a `plugin for authenticating with facebook `_. You will need your own BOSH connection manager to act as a proxy between Converse.js/Strophe.js and Facebook's XMPP server. That is because Facebook's XMPP server doesn't support BOSH natively. The BOSH connection manager that I make available for testing purposes (at https://bind.opkode.im) uses `Punjab `_, although there are quite a few other options available as well. When you configure Converse.js, via its ``initialize`` method, you must specify the `bosh_service_url`_ value, which is to be your BOSH connection manager. Please note, to enable Facebook integration, you'll have to get your hands dirty and modify Converse.js's code, so that it calls the ``facebookConnect`` method of the plugin above. The plugin above gives the following code example for you to meditate upon: :: connection = new Strophe.Connection("http://localhost:5280/bosh"); connection.facebookConnect( "12345@chat.facebook.com", onConnectFacebook, 300, 1, '5e64a30272af065bd72258c565a03f2f', '8147a27e4a7f9b55ffc85c2683f9529a', FB.getSession().session_key ); The connection is already created inside Converse.js, so the ``facebookConnect`` method needs to also be called from there. If someone submits a sane patch that does the above, I'll be happy to merge it. Until then, people will have to do this themselves. =========== Development =========== If you want to work with the non-minified Javascript and CSS files you'll soon notice that there are references to a missing *components* folder. Please follow the instructions below to create this folder and fetch Converse's 3rd-party dependencies. Install Node.js and development dependencies ============================================ We use development tools (`Grunt `_ and `Bower `_) which depend on Node.js and npm (the Node package manager). If you don't have Node.js installed, you can download and install the latest version `here `_. Once you have Node.js installed, run the following command inside the Converse.js directory: :: npm install This will install all the development dependencies for Converse.js. If you are curious to know what these are, take a look at whats under the *devDependencies* key in `package.json `. Install 3rd party dependencies ============================== After running ``npm install``, you will now have Grunt and Bower installed. We use Bower to manage Converse's front-end dependencies (e.g. Javascript that should get loaded in the browser). To fetch these dependencies, run: :: grunt fetch This will call Bower in the background to fetch all the front-end dependencies (like backbone.js, strophe.js etc.) and then put them in the *components* folder. With AMD and require.js (recommended) ===================================== Converse.js uses `require.js `_ to asynchronously load dependencies. If you want to develop or customize converse.js, you'll want to load the non-minified javascript files. Add the following two lines to the ** section of your webpage: :: require.js will then let the main.js file be parsed (because of the *data-main* attribute on the *script* tag), which will in turn cause converse.js to be parsed. Without AMD and require.js ========================== Converse.js can also be used without require.js. If you for some reason prefer to use it this way, please refer to `non_amd.html `_ for an example of how and in what order all the Javascript files that converse.js depends on need to be loaded. Before submitting a pull request ================================ Add tests for your bugfix or feature ------------------------------------ Add a test for any bug fixed or feature added. We use Jasmine for testing. Take a look at ``tests.html`` and ``spec/MainSpec.js`` to see how the tests are implemented. If you are unsure how to write tests, please `contact me `_ and I'll be happy to help. Check that the tests pass ------------------------- Check that the Jasmine tests complete sucessfully. Open `tests.html `_ in your browser, and the tests will run automatically. On the command line you can run: :: grunt test Check your code for errors or bad habits by running JSHint ---------------------------------------------------------- `JSHint `_ will do a static analysis of your code and hightlight potential errors and/or bad habits. :: grunt jshint You can run both the tests and jshint in one go by calling: :: grunt check ============= Configuration ============= The included minified JS and CSS files can be used for demoing or testing, but you'll want to configure *Converse.js* to suit your needs before you deploy it on your website. *Converse.js* is passed its configuration settings when you call its *initialize* method. You'll most likely want to call the *initialize* method in your HTML page. For an example of how this is done, please see the bottom of the *./index.html* page. Please refer to the `Configuration variables`_ section below for info on all the available configuration settings. After you have configured *Converse.js*, you'll have to regenerate the minified JS file so that it will include the new settings. Please refer to the `Minification`_ section for more info on how to do this. Configuration variables ======================= animate ------- Default = True Show animations, for example when opening and closing chat boxes. auto_list_rooms --------------- Default = False If true, and the XMPP server on which the current user is logged in supports multi-user chat, then a list of rooms on that server will be fetched. Not recommended for servers with lots of chat rooms. For each room on the server a query is made to fetch further details (e.g. features, number of occupants etc.), so on servers with many rooms this option will create lots of extra connection traffic. auto_subscribe -------------- Default = False If true, the user will automatically subscribe back to any contact requests. bosh_service_url ---------------- Connections to an XMPP server depend on a BOSH connection manager which acts as a middle man between HTTP and XMPP. See `here `_ for more information. debug ----- If set to true, debugging output will be logged to the browser console. fullname -------- If you are using prebinding, can specify the fullname of the currently logged in user, otherwise the user's vCard will be fetched. hide_muc_server --------------- Default = false Hide the ``server`` input field of the form inside the ``Room`` panel of the controlbox. Useful if you want to restrict users to a specific XMPP server of your choosing. i18n ---- Specify the locale/language. The language must be in the ``locales`` object. Refer to ``./locale/locales.js`` to see which locales are supported. prebind -------- Default = false Use this option when you want to attach to an existing XMPP connection that was already authenticated (usually on the backend before page load). This is useful when you don't want to render the login form on the chat control box with each page load. For prebinding to work, your backend server must authenticate for you, and then return a JID (jabber ID), SID (session ID) and RID (Request ID). If you set ``prebind`` to ``true``, you have to make sure to also pass in these values as ``jid``, ``sid``, ``rid``. Additionally, you have to specify ``bosh_service_url``. show_controlbox_by_default -------------------------- Default = false The "controlbox" refers to the special chatbox containing your contacts roster, status widget, chatrooms and other controls. By default this box is hidden and can be toggled by clicking on any element in the page with class *toggle-online-users*. If this options is set to true, the controlbox will by default be shown upon page load. xhr_user_search --------------- Default = False There are two ways to add users. * The user inputs a valid JID (Jabber ID), and the user is added as a pending contact. * The user inputs some text (for example part of a firstname or lastname), an XHR will be made to a backend, and a list of matches are returned. The user can then choose one of the matches to add as a contact. This setting enables the second mechanism, otherwise by default the first will be used. ============ Minification ============ Minifying Javascript and CSS ============================ Please make sure to read the section `Development`_ and that you have installed all development dependencies (long story short, you can run ``npm install`` and then ``grunt fetch``). We use `require.js`_ to keep track of *Converse.js* and its dependencies and to to bundle them together in a single minified file fit for deployment to a production site. To minify the Javascript and CSS, run the following command: :: grunt minify .. Note :: Since release 0.6.0, I'm using `almond `_ instead of `require.js `_. The `grunt-contrib-requirejs `_ plugin however doesn't support *almond*. I therefore now build it manually (the old way again), like this: ``r.js -o build.js``. CSS can be minimized separately via ``grunt cssmin``. Javascript will be bundled and minified via `require.js`_'s optimization tool. You can `read more about require.js's optimizer here`_. CSS is minified via `cssmin `_. ============ Translations ============ .. Note :: Translations take up a lot of space and will bloat your minified file. At the time of writing, all the translations add about 50KB of extra data to the minified javascript file. Therefore, make sure to only include those languages that you intend to support and remove from ./locale/locales.js those which you don't need. Remember to rebuild the minified file afterwards. The gettext POT file located in ./locale/converse.pot is the template containing all translations and from which for each language an individual PO file is generated. The POT file contains all translateable strings extracted from converse.js. To make a user facing string translateable, wrap it in the double underscore helper function like so: :: __('This string will be translated at runtime'); After adding the string, you'll need to regenerate the POT file, like so: :: make pot You can then create or update the PO file for a specific language by doing the following: :: msgmerge ./locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/converse.po ./locale/converse.pot -U This PO file is then what gets translated. If you've created a new PO file, please make sure to add the following attributes at the top of the file (under *Content-Transfer-Encoding*). They are required as configuration settings for Jed, the Javascript translations library that we're using. :: "domain: converse\n" "lang: de\n" "plural_forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n" Unfortunately `Jed `_ cannot use the PO files directly. We have to generate from it a file in JSON format and then put that in a .js file for the specific language. To generate JSON from a PO file, you'll need po2json for node.js. Run the following command to install it (npm being the node.js package manager): :: npm install po2json You can then convert the translations into JSON format: :: po2json locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/converse.po locale/de/LC_MESSAGES/converse.json Now from converse.json paste the data as a value for the "locale_data" key in the object in the language's .js file. So, if you are for example translating into German (language code 'de'), you'll create or update the file ./locale/LC_MESSAGES/de.js with the following code: :: (function (root, factory) { define("de", ['jed'], function () { return factory(new Jed({ "domain": "converse", "locale_data": { // Paste the JSON data from converse.json here } }) } }(this, function (i18n) { return i18n; })); making sure to also paste the JSON data as value to the "locale_data" key. .. Note :: If you are adding translations for a new language that is not already supported, you'll have to make one more edit in ./locale/locales.js to make sure the language is loaded by require.js. Congratulations, you've now succesfully added your translations. Sorry for all those hoops you had to jump through. .. _`read more about require.js's optimizer here`: http://requirejs.org/docs/optimization.html .. _`HTTP`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertext_Transfer_Protocol .. _`XMPP`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xmpp .. _`Converse.js homepage`: http://conversejs.org .. _`CORS`: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-origin_resource_sharing .. _`Strophe.js plugin`: https://gist.github.com/1095825/6b4517276f26b66b01fa97b0a78c01275fdc6ff2 .. _`xmpp.net`: http://xmpp.net .. _`xmpp.org`: http://xmpp.org/xmpp-software/servers/ .. _`ejabberd`: http://www.ejabberd.im .. _`blogpost`: http://metajack.im/2008/10/03/getting-attached-to-strophe .. _`example Django application`: https://github.com/metajack/strophejs/tree/master/examples/attach