176 lines
7.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
176 lines
7.1 KiB
ReStructuredText
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<div id="banner"><a href="https://github.com/jcbrand/converse.js/blob/master/docs/source/theming.rst">Edit me on GitHub</a></div>
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.. _`writing-a-plugin`:
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Writing a converse.js plugin
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============================
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.. contents:: Table of Contents
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:depth: 2
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:local:
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Introduction
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------------
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Developers are able to extend and override the objects, functions and the
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Backbone models and views that make up converse.js by means of writing plugins.
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Converse.js uses `pluggable.js <https://github.com/jcbrand/pluggable.js/>`_ as
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its plugin architecture.
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To understand how this plugin architecture works, please read the
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`pluggable.js documentation <https://jcbrand.github.io/pluggable.js/>`_
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and to understand its inner workins, please refer to the `annotated source code
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<https://jcbrand.github.io/pluggable.js/docs/pluggable.html>`_.
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You register a converse.js plugin as follows:
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.. code-block:: javascript
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converse.plugins.add('myplugin', {
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initialize: function () {
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// This method gets called once converse.initialize has been called
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// and the plugin itself has been loaded.
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// Inside this method, you have access to the closured
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// _converse object as an attribute on "this".
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// E.g. this._converse
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},
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});
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Security and access to the inner workings
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-----------------------------------------
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The globally available ``converse`` object, which exposes the API methods, such
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as ``initialize`` and ``plugins.add``, is a wrapper that encloses and protects
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a sensitive inner object, named ``_converse`` (not the underscore prefix).
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This inner ``_converse`` object contains all the Backbone models and views,
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as well as various other attributes and functions.
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Within a plugin, you will have access to this internal
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`"closured" <https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Closures>`_
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``_converse`` object, which is normally not exposed in the global variable scope.
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The inner ``_converse`` object is made private in order to safely hide and
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encapsulate sensitive information and methods which should not be exposed
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to any 3rd-party scripts that might be running in the same page.
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An example plugin
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-----------------
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In the example below, you can see how to access 3rd party libraries (such
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moment, underscore and jQuery) via the ``converse.env`` map.
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There is an ``initialize`` method as you've seen in the example above, and then
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also an ``overrides`` map, which can be used to override functions, objects or
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Backbone views and models of Converse.js.
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Use the ``overrides`` functionality with caution. It basically resorts to
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monkey patching which pollutes the call stack and can make your code fragile
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and prone to bugs when Converse.js gets updated. Too much use of ``overrides``
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is therefore a "code smell" which should ideally be avoided.
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A better approach is to listen to the events emitted by Converse.js, and to add
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your code in event handlers. This is however not always possible, in which case
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the overrides are a powerful tool.
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.. code-block:: javascript
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(function (root, factory) {
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if (typeof define === 'function' && define.amd) {
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// AMD. Register as a module called "myplugin"
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define("myplugin", ["converse"], factory);
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} else {
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// Browser globals. If you're not using a module loader such as require.js,
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// then this line below executes. Make sure that your plugin's <script> tag
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// appears after the one from converse.js.
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factory(converse);
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}
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}(this, function (converse) {
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// Commonly used utilities and variables can be found under the "env"
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// namespace of the "converse" global.
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var Strophe = converse.env.Strophe,
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$iq = converse.env.$iq,
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$msg = converse.env.$msg,
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$pres = converse.env.$pres,
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$build = converse.env.$build,
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b64_sha1 = converse.env.b64_sha1;
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$ = converse.env.jQuery,
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_ = converse.env._,
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moment = converse.env.moment;
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// The following line registers your plugin.
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converse.plugins.add('myplugin', {
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initialize: function () {
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// Converse.js's plugin mechanism will call the initialize
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// method on any plugin (if it exists) as soon as the plugin has
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// been loaded.
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// Inside this method, you have access to the closured
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// _converse object, from which you can get any configuration
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// options that the user might have passed in via
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// converse.initialize. These values are stored in the
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// "user_settings" attribute.
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// Let's assume the user might pass in a custom setting, like so:
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//
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// converse.initialize({
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// "initialize_message": "My plugin has been initialized"
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// });
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//
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// Then we can alert that message, like so:
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alert(this._converse.user_settings.initialize_message);
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},
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overrides: {
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// If you want to override some function or a Backbone model or
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// view defined elsewhere in converse.js, then you do that under
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// this "overrides" namespace.
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// For example, the inner protected *_converse* object has a
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// method "onConnected". You can override that method as follows:
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onConnected: function () {
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// Overrides the onConnected method in converse.js
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// Top-level functions in "overrides" are bound to the
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// inner "_converse" object.
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var _converse = this;
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// Your custom code comes here.
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// ...
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// You can access the original function being overridden
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// via the __super__ attribute.
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// Make sure to pass on the arguments supplied to this
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// function and also to apply the proper "this" object.
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_converse.__super__.onConnected.apply(this, arguments);
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},
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XMPPStatus: {
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// Override converse.js's XMPPStatus Backbone model so that we can override the
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// function that sends out the presence stanza.
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sendPresence: function (type, status_message, jid) {
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// The "_converse" object is available via the __super__
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// attribute.
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var _converse = this.__super__._converse;
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// Custom code can come here
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// ...
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// You can call the original overridden method, by
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// accessing it via the __super__ attribute.
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// When calling it, you need to apply the proper
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// context as reference by the "this" variable.
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this.__super__.sendPresence.apply(this, arguments);
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}
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}
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}
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});
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}));
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