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* doc/guide.tex: Improvements in sections: Start, Creating Initial

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Account, Module Overview, Managing an ejabberd server, and
Debugging

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@ -1,3 +1,9 @@
2007-12-06 Badlop <badlop@process-one.net>
* doc/guide.tex: Improvements in sections: Start, Creating Initial
Account, Module Overview, Managing an ejabberd server, and
Debugging
2007-12-05 Badlop <badlop@process-one.net>
* doc/guide.tex: Added explanations about epmd, cookie and node

329
doc/guide.tex
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@ -301,7 +301,7 @@ The files and directories created are, by default:
\titem{msgs} Translated strings (*.msgs)
\end{description}
\end{description}
\titem{/var/log/ejabberd/} Log files:
\titem{/var/log/ejabberd/} Log files (see section~\ref{logfiles}:
\begin{description}
\titem{ejabberd.log} Messages reported by ejabberd code
\titem{sasl.log} Messages reported by Erlang/OTP
@ -313,41 +313,21 @@ The files and directories created are, by default:
\label{start}
\ind{install!start}
You can use the ejabberdctl command line administration script to start and stop ejabberd.
Please refer to the section~\ref{ejabberdctl} for details about ejabberdctl.
You can use the \term{ejabberdctl} command line administration script to start and stop ejabberd.
You must execute this program with root access. For example:
\begin{verbatim}
$ sudo ejabberdctl start
The command line parameters used by the ejabberdctl administration script
when starting the Erlang/OTP virtual machine are:
\begin{description}
\titem{-pa /var/lib/ejabberd/ebin}
Specify the directory where Erlang binary files (*.beam) are located.
\titem{-sname ejabberd}
The Erlang node will be identified using only the first part
of the host name, i.\,e. other Erlang nodes outside this domain cannot contact
this node. This is the preferable option in most cases.
\titem{-name ejabberd}
The Erlang node will be fully identified.
This is only useful if you plan to setup an ejabberd cluster with nodes in different networks.
\titem{-s ejabberd}
This paramaters tells the Erlang machine to start the ejabberd application
\titem{-mnesia dir "/var/lib/ejabberd/spool"}
Specify the Mnesia database directory.
\titem{-ejabberd config "/etc/ejabberd/ejabberd.cfg"}
Specify the ejabberd configuration file.
\titem{-ejabberd log\_path "/var/log/ejabberd/ejabberd.log"}
Specify the directory for the ejabberd.log file.
\titem{-sasl sasl\_error\_logger \{file, "/var/log/ejabberd/sasl.log"\}}
Specify the directory for the sasl.log file.
\titem{-env ERL\_MAX\_PORTS=32000}
Allow up to 32000 connections. The default limit is just 1024.
With this value, \ejabberd{} will use more memory (approximately 6 MB more).
\titem{-env ERL\_FULLSWEEP\_AFTER=0}
May reduce memory usage, but \ejabberd{} may consume more processor.
\end{description}
$ sudo ejabberdctl status
Node ejabberd@localhost is started. Status: started
ejabberd is running
Note that some characters need to be escaped when used in shell scripts, for instance \verb|"| and \verb|{}|.
$ sudo ejabberdctl stop
You can find other options in the Erlang manual page (\shell{erl -man erl}).
$
\end{verbatim}
Please refer to the section~\ref{ejabberdctl} for details about \term{ejabberdctl},
and configurable options to fine tune the Erlang runtime system.
\subsection{Specific Notes for BSD}
@ -425,36 +405,32 @@ werl -s ejabberd -name ejabberd
%TODO: how to compile database support on windows?
\section{Creating an Initial Administrator}
\section{Create a Jabber Account for Administration}
\label{initialadmin}
Before the web interface can be entered to perform administration tasks, an
account with administrator rights is needed on your \ejabberd{} deployment.
Instructions to create an initial administrator account:
You need a Jabber account and grant him administrative privileges
to enter the ejabberd web interface:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Register a Jabber account on your \ejabberd{} server. An account can be
created in two ways:
\item Register a Jabber account on your \ejabberd{} server, for example \term{admin1@example.org}.
There are two ways to register a Jabber account:
\begin{enumerate}
\item Using the tool \term{ejabberdctl}\ind{ejabberdctl} (see
section~\ref{ejabberdctl}):
\item Using \term{ejabberdctl}\ind{ejabberdctl} (see section~\ref{ejabberdctl}):
\begin{verbatim}
% ejabberdctl node@host register admin example.org password
% ejabberdctl register admin1 example.org FgT5bk3
\end{verbatim}
\item Using In-Band Registration (see section~\ref{modregister}): you can
use a \Jabber{} client to register an account.
\item Using a Jabber client and In-Band Registration (see section~\ref{modregister}).
\end{enumerate}
\item Edit the configuration file to promote the account created in the previous
step to an account with administrator rights. Note that if you want to add
more administrators, a separate ACL entry is needed for each administrator.
\item Edit the ejabberd configuration file to give administration rights to the Jabber account you created:
\begin{verbatim}
{acl, admins, {user, "admin", "example.org"}}.
{acl, admins, {user, "admin1", "example.org"}}.
{access, configure, [{allow, admins}]}.
\end{verbatim}
You can grant administrative privileges to many Jabber accounts,
and also to accounts in other Jabber servers.
\item Restart \ejabberd{} to load the new configuration.
\item Open the web interface (\verb|http://server:port/admin/|) in your
favourite browser. Make sure to enter the \emph{full} JID as username (in this
example: \jid{admin@example.org}. The reason that you also need to enter the
example: \jid{admin1@example.org}. The reason that you also need to enter the
suffix, is because \ejabberd{}'s virtual hosting support.
\end{enumerate}
@ -1791,37 +1767,7 @@ Examples:
\label{modoverview}
\ind{modules!overview}\ind{XMPP compliancy}
The following table lists all modules available in the official \ejabberd{}
distribution. You can find more
\footahref{http://www.ejabberd.im/contributions}{contributed modules} on the
\ejabberd{} website. Please remember that these contributions might not work or
that they can contain severe bugs and security leaks. Therefore, use them at
your own risk!
You can see which database backend each module needs by looking at the suffix:
\begin{itemize}
\item `\_ldap', this means that the module needs an LDAP server as backend.
\item `\_odbc', this means that the module needs a supported database
(see~\ref{database}) as backend.
\item No suffix, this means that the modules uses Erlang's built-in database
Mnesia as backend.
\end{itemize}
If you want to
It is possible to use a relational database to store pieces of
information. You can do this by changing the module name to a name with an
\term{\_odbc} suffix in \ejabberd{} config file. You can use a relational
database for the following data:
\begin{itemize}
\item Last connection date and time: Use \term{mod\_last\_odbc} instead of
\term{mod\_last}.
\item Offline messages: Use \term{mod\_offline\_odbc} instead of
\term{mod\_offline}.
\item Rosters: Use \term{mod\_roster\_odbc} instead of \term{mod\_roster}.
\item Users' VCARD: Use \term{mod\_vcard\_odbc} instead of \term{mod\_vcard}.
\end{itemize}
The following table lists all modules included in \ejabberd{}.
\begin{table}[H]
\centering
@ -1829,8 +1775,7 @@ database for the following data:
\hline Module & Feature & Dependencies & Needed for XMPP? \\
\hline \hline \modadhoc{} & Ad-Hoc Commands (\xepref{0050}) & & No \\
\hline \modannounce{} & Manage announcements & \modadhoc{} & No \\
\hline \modconfigure{} & Support for online & \modadhoc{} & No \\
& configuration of \ejabberd{} & & \\
\hline \modconfigure{} & Server configuration using Ad-Hoc & \modadhoc{} & No \\
\hline \moddisco{} & Service Discovery (\xepref{0030}) & & No \\
\hline \modecho{} & Echoes Jabber packets & & No \\
\hline \modirc{} & IRC transport & & No \\
@ -1867,6 +1812,38 @@ database for the following data:
XMPP compliancy.
\end{itemize}
You can see which database backend each module needs by looking at the suffix:
\begin{itemize}
\item No suffix, this means that the modules uses Erlang's built-in database
Mnesia as backend.
\item `\_odbc', this means that the module needs a supported database
(see~\ref{database}) as backend.
\item `\_ldap', this means that the module needs an LDAP server as backend.
\end{itemize}
If you want to,
it is possible to use a relational database to store pieces of
information. You can do this by changing the module name to a name with an
\term{\_odbc} suffix in \ejabberd{} config file. You can use a relational
database for the following data:
\begin{itemize}
\item Last connection date and time: Use \term{mod\_last\_odbc} instead of
\term{mod\_last}.
\item Offline messages: Use \term{mod\_offline\_odbc} instead of
\term{mod\_offline}.
\item Rosters: Use \term{mod\_roster\_odbc} instead of \term{mod\_roster}.
\item Users' VCARD: Use \term{mod\_vcard\_odbc} instead of \term{mod\_vcard}.
\item Private XML storage: Use \term{mod\_private\_odbc} instead of \term{mod\_private}.
\end{itemize}
You can find more
\footahref{http://www.ejabberd.im/contributions}{contributed modules} on the
\ejabberd{} website. Please remember that these contributions might not work or
that they can contain severe bugs and security leaks. Therefore, use them at
your own risk!
\subsection{Common Options}
\label{modcommonoptions}
@ -3253,10 +3230,91 @@ Options:
\end{description}
\chapter{Managing an ejabberd server}
\section{Online Configuration and Monitoring}
\label{onlineconfig}
\subsection{Web Interface}
\section{\term{ejabberdctl}}
\label{ejabberdctl}
\subsection{Commands}
\label{commands}
The \term{ejabberdctl} command line script allows to start, stop and perform
many other administrative tasks in a local or remote ejabberd server.
When \term{ejabberdctl} is executed without any parameter,
it displays the available options. If there isn't an ejabberd server running,
the available parameters are:
\begin{description}
\titem{start} Start ejabberd in background mode. This is the default method.
\titem{debug} Attach an Erlang shell to an already existing ejabberd server. This allows to execute commands interactively in the ejabberd server.
\titem{live} Start ejabberd in live mode: the shell keeps attached to the started server, showing log messages and allowing to execute interactive commands.
\end{description}
If there is an ejabberd server running in the system,
\term{ejabberdctl} shows all the available commands in that server.
The more interesting ones are:
\begin{description}
\titem{status} Check the status of the ejabberd server.
\titem{stop} Stop the ejabberd server which is running in the machine.
\titem{reopen-log} If you use a tool to rotate logs, you have to configure it
so that this command is executed after each rotation.
\titem {backup, restore, install-fallback, dump, load} You can use these
commands to create and restore backups.
%%More information about backuping can
%% be found in section~\ref{backup}.
\titem{import-file, import-dir} \ind{migration from other software}
These options can be used to migrate from other \Jabber{}/XMPP servers. There
exist tutorials to \footahref{http://www.ejabberd.im/migrate-to-ejabberd}{migrate from other software to ejabberd}.
\titem{delete-expired-messages} This option can be used to delete old messages
in offline storage. This might be useful when the number of offline messages
is very high.
\end{description}
The \term{ejabberdctl} script also allows the argument \term{--node NODENAME}.
This allows to administer a remote node.
The \term{ejabberdctl} administration script can be configured in the file ejabberdctl.cfg.
This file provides detailed information about each configurable option.
\subsection{Erlang configuration}
\label{erlangconfiguration}
The basic parameters used by \term{ejabberdctl} when starting the Erlang node:
\begin{description}
\titem{-sname ejabberd}
The Erlang node will be identified using only the first part
of the host name, i.\,e. other Erlang nodes outside this domain cannot contact
this node. This is the preferable option in most cases.
\titem{-name ejabberd}
The Erlang node will be fully identified.
This is only useful if you plan to setup an ejabberd cluster with nodes in different networks.
\titem{-kernel inetrc "/etc/ejabberd/ejabberd.inetrc"}
Indicates which IP name resolution to use. It is required if using \term{-sname}.
\titem{-detached}
Starts the Erlang system detached from the system console.
Useful for running daemons and backgrounds processes.
\titem{-noinput}
Ensures that the Erlang system never tries to read any input.
Useful for running daemons and backgrounds processes.
\titem{-pa /var/lib/ejabberd/ebin}
Specify the directory where Erlang binary files (*.beam) are located.
\titem{-s ejabberd}
Tell Erlang runtime system to start the ejabberd application.
\titem{-mnesia dir "/var/lib/ejabberd/db/nodename"}
Specify the Mnesia database directory.
\titem{-sasl sasl\_error\_logger \{file, "/var/log/ejabberd/sasl.log"\}}
Specify the directory for the sasl.log file.
\end{description}
Note that some characters need to be escaped when used in shell scripts, for instance \verb|"| and \verb|{}|.
You can find other options in the Erlang manual page (\shell{erl -man erl}).
In addition, there are several configurable parameters
in the file \term{/etc/ejabberd/ejabberdctl.cfg}
to fine tune the Erlang runtime system.
\section{Web Interface}
\label{webinterface}
\ind{web interface}
@ -3327,46 +3385,15 @@ Examples:
\end{itemize}
\subsection{\term{ejabberdctl}}
\label{ejabberdctl}
\section{Ad-hoc Commands}
\label{adhoccommands}
The \term{ejabberdctl} command line script allows to start, stop and perform
many other administrative tasks in a local or remote ejabberd server.
When \term{ejabberdctl} is executed without any parameter,
it displays the available options. If there isn't an ejabberd server running,
the available parameters are:
\begin{description}
\titem{start} Start ejabberd in background mode. This is the default method.
\titem{debug} Attach an Erlang shell to an already existing ejabberd server. This allows to execute commands interactively in the ejabberd server.
\titem{live} Start ejabberd in live mode: the shell keeps attached to the started server, showing log messages and allowing to execute interactive commands.
\end{description}
If there is an ejabberd server running in the system,
\term{ejabberdctl} shows all the available commands in that server.
The more interesting ones are:
\begin{description}
\titem{status} Check the status of the ejabberd server.
\titem{stop} Stop the ejabberd server which is running in the machine.
\titem{reopen-log} If you use a tool to rotate logs, you have to configure it
so that this command is executed after each rotation.
\titem {backup, restore, install-fallback, dump, load} You can use these
commands to create and restore backups.
%%More information about backuping can
%% be found in section~\ref{backup}.
\titem{import-file, import-dir} \ind{migration from other software}
These options can be used to migrate from other \Jabber{}/XMPP servers. There
exist tutorials to \footahref{http://www.ejabberd.im/migrate-to-ejabberd}{migrate from other software to ejabberd}.
\titem{delete-expired-messages} This option can be used to delete old messages
in offline storage. This might be useful when the number of offline messages
is very high.
\end{description}
The \term{ejabberdctl} script also allows the argument \term{--node NODENAME}.
This allows to administer a remote node.
The \term{ejabberdctl} administration script can be configured in the file ejabberdctl.cfg.
This file provides detailed information about each configurable option.
If you enable \modconfigure\ and \modadhoc,
you can perform several administrative tasks in ejabberd
with a Jabber client.
The client must support Ad-Hoc Commands (\xepref{0050}),
and you must login in the Jabber server with
an account with proper privileges.
\chapter{Securing ejabberd}
@ -3462,19 +3489,6 @@ using a modified version of Erlang \term{epmd}.
The recommended way to secure the Erlang node is to block the port 4369.
\chapter{Integrating ejabberd with other Instant Messaging servers}
\section{SRV Records}
\label{srv}
\ind{SRV Records}\ind{clustering!SRV Records}
\begin{itemize}
\item General information:
\footahref{http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SRV\_record}{SRV record}
\item Practical information:
\footahref{http://jabberd.jabberstudio.org/2/docs/section05.html\#5\_7}{Setting DNS SRV Records}
\end{itemize}
\chapter{Clustering}
\label{clustering}
\ind{clustering}
@ -3677,14 +3691,39 @@ The syntax is the following:
\label{watchdog}
\ind{debugging!watchdog}
ejabberd includes a watchdog mechanism to notify administrators in realtime
through XMPP when any process consumes too much memory.
To enable the watchdog, add the \term{watchdog\_admins}
\ind{options!watchdog\_admins} option in the config file:
ejabberd includes a watchdog mechanism.
If a process in the ejabberd server consumes too much memory,
a message is sent to the Jabber accounts defined with the option
\term{watchdog\_admins}
\ind{options!watchdog\_admins} in the ejabberd configuration file.
Example configuration:
\begin{verbatim}
{watchdog_admins, [``admin@localhost'']}.
{watchdog_admins, ["admin2@localhost", "admin2@example.org"]}.
\end{verbatim}
\section{Log files}
\label{logfiles}
ejabberd writes messages in two log files:
\begin{description}
\titem{ejabberd.log} Messages reported by ejabberd code
\titem{sasl.log} Messages reported by Erlang/OTP using SASL (System Architecture Support Libraries)
\end{description}
The option \term{loglevel} modifies the verbosity of the file ejabberd.log.
There possible levels are:
\begin{description}
\titem{0} No ejabberd log at all (not recommended)
\titem{1} Critical
\titem{2} Error
\titem{3} Warning
\titem{4} Info
\titem{5} Debug
\end{description}
For example, the default configuration is:
\begin{verbatim}
{loglevel, 4}.
\end{verbatim}
\appendix{}