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ejabberd is a free and open source instant messaging server written in Erlang.
ejabberd is cross-platform, distributed, fault-tolerant, and based on open standards to achieve real-time communication.
ejabberd is designed to be a rock-solid and feature rich XMPP server.
ejabberd is suitable for small deployments, whether they need to be scalable or not, as well as extremely big deployments.
ejabberd is:
Moreover, ejabberd comes with a wide range of other state-of-the-art features:
The easiest approach to install an ejabberd Instant Messaging server is to use the graphical installer. The installer is available in ejabberd Process-one downloads page.
The installer will deploy and configure a full featured ejabberd server and does not require any extra dependancies.
Some Operating Systems provide a specific ejabberd package adapted to your system architecture and libraries, which also checks dependencies and performs basic configuration tasks like creating the initial administrator account. Some examples are Debian and Gentoo. Consult the resources provided by your Operating System for more information.
CEAN (Comprehensive Erlang Archive Network) is a repository that hosts binary packages from many Erlang programs, including ejabberd and all its dependencies. The binaries are available for many different system architectures, so this is an alternative to the binary installer and Operating System's ejabberd packages.
To compile ejabberd on a `Unix-like' operating system, you need:
To compile ejabberd on a Windows flavour, you need:
Released versions of ejabberd can be obtained from
http://www.process-one.net/en/projects/ejabberd/download.html.
The latest development version can be retrieved from the Subversion repository.
svn co http://svn.process-one.net/ejabberd/trunk ejabberd
Compile ejabberd on a `Unix-like' operating system by executing:
./configure make su make install
These commands will:
/var/lib/ejabberd,
/etc/ejabberd,
/var/log/ejabberd to store log files.
If you want to enable the use of XML based optimisations, you can use the option –enable-full-xml when running the configure command. It will for example use CDATA to escape characters in the XMPP stream. Do not use this option if all your clients are not using a fully compliant XML parser.
In some case, you might want to disable the use of Erlang OTP supervision for transient processes. In this case, you can configure ejabberd with the option –disable-transient-supervisors.
If you want to use an external database, you need to execute the configure script with the option(s) –enable-odbc or –enable-odbc –enable-mssql. See section 3.2 for more information.
C:\Program Files\erl5.3).
C:\Program Files\Expat-1.95.7
directory.Copy file C:\Program Files\Expat-1.95.7\Libs\libexpat.dll
to your Windows system directory (for example, C:\WINNT or
C:\WINNT\System32)
C:\Program Files\iconv-1.9.1.Copy file C:\Program Files\iconv-1.9.1\bin\iconv.dll to your
Windows system directory (more installation instructions can be found in the
file README.woe32 in the iconv distribution).
Note: instead of copying libexpat.dll and iconv.dll to the Windows
directory, you can add the directories
C:\Program Files\Expat-1.95.7\Libs and
C:\Program Files\iconv-1.9.1\bin to the PATH environment
variable.
ejabberd\src run:
configure.bat nmake -f Makefile.win32
ejabberd\src\ejabberd.cfg and run
werl -s ejabberd -name ejabberd
Execute the following command to start ejabberd:
erl -pa /var/lib/ejabberd/ebin -name ejabberd -s ejabberd
or
erl -pa /var/lib/ejabberd/ebin -sname ejabberd -s ejabberd
In the latter case the Erlang node will be identified using only the first part of the host name, i. e. other Erlang nodes outside this domain cannot contact this node.
Note that when using the above command, ejabberd will search for the configuration file in the current directory and will use the current directory for storing its user database and for logging.
To specify the path to the configuration file, the log files and the Mnesia database directory, you may use the following command:
erl -pa /var/lib/ejabberd/ebin \
-sname ejabberd \
-s ejabberd \
-ejabberd config \"/etc/ejabberd/ejabberd.cfg\" \
log_path \"/var/log/ejabberd/ejabberd.log\" \
-sasl sasl_error_logger \{file,\"/var/log/ejabberd/sasl.log\"\} \
-mnesia dir \"/var/lib/ejabberd/spool\"
You can find other useful options in the Erlang manual page (erl -man erl).
To use more than 1024 connections, you should set the environment variable
ERL_MAX_PORTS:
export ERL_MAX_PORTS=32000
Note that with this value, ejabberd will use more memory (approximately 6 MB more).
To reduce memory usage, you may set the environment variable
ERL_FULLSWEEP_AFTER:
export ERL_FULLSWEEP_AFTER=0
But in this case ejabberd can start to work slower.
Before the web interface can be entered to perform administration tasks, an account with administrator rights is needed on your ejabberd deployment.
Instructions to create an initial administrator account:
{acl, admins, {user, "admin", "example.org"}}.
{access, configure, [{allow, admins}]}.
http://server:port/admin/) in your
favourite browser. Make sure to enter the full JID as username (in this
example: admin@example.org. The reason that you also need to enter the
suffix, is because ejabberd's virtual hosting support.
The configuration file will be loaded the first time you start ejabberd. The content from this file will be parsed and stored in a database. Subsequently the configuration will be loaded from the database and any commands in the configuration file are appended to the entries in the database. The configuration file contains a sequence of Erlang terms. Lines beginning with a `%' sign are ignored. Each term is a tuple of which the first element is the name of an option, and any further elements are that option's values. If the configuration file do not contain for instance the `hosts' option, the old host name(s) stored in the database will be used.
You can override the old values stored in the database by adding next lines to the configuration file:
override_global. override_local. override_acls.
With these lines the old global options (shared between all ejabberd nodes in a cluster), local options (which are specific for this particular ejabberd node) and ACLs will be removed before new ones are added.
The option hosts defines a list containing one or more domains that ejabberd will serve.
Examples:
{hosts, ["example.org"]}.
{host, "example.org"}.
{hosts, ["example.net", "example.com"]}.
Options can be defined separately for every virtual host using the host_config option. It has the following syntax:
{host_config, <hostname>, [<option>, <option>, ...]}.
Examples:
{host_config, "example.net", [{auth_method, internal}]}.
{host_config, "example.com", [{auth_method, ldap},
{ldap_servers, ["localhost"]},
{ldap_uids, [{"uid"}]},
{ldap_rootdn, "dc=localdomain"},
{ldap_rootdn, "dc=example,dc=com"},
{ldap_password, ""}]}.
{host_config, "example.net", [{auth_method, odbc},
{odbc_server, "DSN=ejabberd;UID=ejabberd;PWD=ejabberd"}]}.
{host_config, "example.com", [{auth_method, ldap},
{ldap_servers, ["localhost", "otherhost"]},
{ldap_uids, [{"uid"}]},
{ldap_rootdn, "dc=localdomain"},
{ldap_rootdn, "dc=example,dc=com"},
{ldap_password, ""}]}.
If you have several virtual hosts, and you want to define options such as modules with values specific for some virtual host, instead of defining each option with the syntax
{<option-name>, <option-value>}
you must use this syntax:
{{add, <option-name>}, <option-value>}
Example:
% This ejabberd server has three vhosts:
{hosts, ["one.example.org", "two.example.org", "three.example.org"]}.
% Configuration of modules that are common to all vhosts
{modules,
[
{mod_roster, []},
{mod_configure, []},
{mod_disco, []},
{mod_private, []},
{mod_time, []},
{mod_last, []},
{mod_version, []}
]}.
% Add some modules to vhost one:
{host_config, "one.example.org", [{{add, modules}, [
{mod_echo, [{host, "echo-service.one.example.org"}]}
{mod_http_bind, []},
{mod_logxml, []}
]}]}.
% Add a module just to vhost two:
{host_config, "two.example.org", [{{add, modules}, [
{mod_echo, [{host, "mirror.two.example.org"}]}
]}]}.
The option listen defines for which addresses and ports ejabberd will listen and what services will be run on them. Each element of the list is a tuple with the following elements:
Currently next modules are implemented:
ejabberd_c2s Description Handles c2s connections. Options access, certfile, inet6, ip, max_stanza_size, shaper, ssl, tls, starttls, starttls_required, zlib ejabberd_s2s_in Description Handles incoming s2s connections. Options inet6, ip, max_stanza_size ejabberd_service Description Interacts with external components (*). Options access, hosts, inet6, ip, shaper ejabberd_http Description Handles incoming HTTP connections. Options certfile, http_poll, inet6, ip, tls, web_admin
(*) The mechanism for external components is defined in Jabber Component Protocol (XEP-0114).
The following options are available:
If HTTP Polling is enabled, it will be available at
http://server:port/http-poll/. Be aware that support for HTTP Polling
is also needed in the Jabber client. Remark also that HTTP Polling can be
interesting to host a web-based Jabber client such as
JWChat (there is a tutorial to
install JWChat with
instructions for ejabberd).
{ip, {192, 168, 1, 1}}.
{max_stanza_size, 65536}. The default
value is infinity. Recommanded values are 65536 for c2s
connections and 131072 for s2s connections. s2s max stanza size
must always much higher than c2s limit. Change this value with
extreme care as it can cause unwanted disconnect if set too low.
http://server:port/admin/. Login and password are the username and
password of one of the registered users who are granted access by the
`configure' access rule.
In addition, the following options are available for s2s connections:
For instance, the following configuration defines that:
{acl, blocked, {user, "bad"}}.
{access, c2s, [{deny, blocked},
{allow, all}]}.
{shaper, normal, {maxrate, 1000}}.
{access, c2s_shaper, [{none, admin},
{normal, all}]}.
{listen,
[{5222, ejabberd_c2s, [{access, c2s}, {shaper, c2s_shaper}]},
{5223, ejabberd_c2s, [{access, c2s},
ssl, {certfile, "/path/to/ssl.pem"}]},
{5269, ejabberd_s2s_in, []},
{5280, ejabberd_http, [http_poll, web_admin]},
{5233, ejabberd_service, [{host, "aim.example.org",
[{password, "aimsecret"}]}]},
{5234, ejabberd_service, [{hosts, ["icq.example.org", "sms.example.org"],
[{password, "jitsecret"}]}]},
{5235, ejabberd_service, [{host, "msn.example.org",
[{password, "msnsecret"}]}]},
{5236, ejabberd_service, [{host, "yahoo.example.org",
[{password, "yahoosecret"}]}]},
{5237, ejabberd_service, [{host, "gg.example.org",
[{password, "ggsecret"}]}]},
{5238, ejabberd_service, [{host, "jmc.example.org",
[{password, "jmcsecret"}]}]},
{5239, ejabberd_service, [{host, "custom.example.org",
[{password, "customsecret"}]},
{service_check_from, false}]}
]
}.
{S2s_use_starttls, true}.
{s2s_certfile, "/path/to/ssl.pem"}.
Note, that for jabberd 1.4- or WPJabber-based services you have to make the transports log and do XDB by themselves:
<!--
You have to add elogger and rlogger entries here when using ejabberd.
In this case the transport will do the logging.
-->
<log id='logger'>
<host/>
<logtype/>
<format>%d: [%t] (%h): %s</format>
<file>/var/log/jabber/service.log</file>
</log>
<!--
Some Jabber server implementations do not provide
XDB services (for example, jabberd2 and ejabberd).
xdb_file.so is loaded in to handle all XDB requests.
-->
<xdb id="xdb">
<host/>
<load>
<!-- this is a lib of wpjabber or jabberd -->
<xdb_file>/usr/lib/jabber/xdb_file.so</xdb_file>
</load>
<xdb_file xmlns="jabber:config:xdb_file">
<spool><jabberd:cmdline flag='s'>/var/spool/jabber</jabberd:cmdline></spool>
</xdb_file>
</xdb>
The option auth_method defines the authentication method that is used for user authentication:
{auth_method, [<method>]}.
The following authentication methods are supported by ejabberd:
ejabberd uses its internal Mnesia database as the default authentication method.
Examples:
{host_config, "example.org", [{auth_method, [internal]}]}.
{host_config, "example.net", [{auth_method, [ldap]}]}.
{auth_method, internal}.
The anonymous authentication method can be configured with the following options. Remember that you can use the host_config option to set virtual host specific options (see section 3.1.2). Note that there also is a detailed tutorial regarding SASL Anonymous and anonymous login configuration.
Those options are defined for each virtual host with the host_config parameter (see section 3.1.2).
Examples:
{auth_method, [anonymous]}.
{anonymous_protocol, login_anon}.
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [anonymous]},
{anonymous_protocol, login_anon}]}.
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [internal,anonymous]},
{anonymous_protocol, login_anon}]}.
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [anonymous]},
{anonymous_protocol, sasl_anon}]}.
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [anonymous]},
{anonymous_protocol, both}]}.
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [internal,anonymous]},
{anonymous_protocol, both}]}.
Access control in ejabberd is performed via Access Control Lists (ACLs). The declarations of ACLs in the configuration file have the following syntax:
{acl, <aclname>, {<acltype>, ...}}.
<acltype> can be one of the following:
{acl, all, all}.
{acl, admin, {user, "yozhik"}}.
{acl, admin, {user, "yozhik", "example.org"}}.
{acl, exampleorg, {server, "example.org"}}.
{acl, tests, {user_regexp, "^test[0-9]*$"}}.
{acl, tests, {user_regexp, "^test", "example.org"}}.
{acl, icq, {server_regexp, "^icq\\."}}.
{acl, yohzik, {node_regexp, "^yohzik$", "^example.(com|org)$"}}.
The following ACLs are pre-defined:
An entry allowing or denying access to different services looks similar to this:
{access, <accessname>, [{allow, <aclname>},
{deny, <aclname>},
...
]}.
When a JID is checked to have access to <accessname>, the server sequentially checks if that JID mathes any of the ACLs that are named in the second elements of the tuples in the list. If it matches, the first element of the first matched tuple is returned, otherwise the value `deny' is returned.
Example:
{access, configure, [{allow, admin}]}.
{access, something, [{deny, badmans},
{allow, all}]}.
The following access rules are pre-defined:
The special access max_user_sesssions specifies the maximum number of sessions (authenticated connections) per user. If a user tries to open more sessions by using different resources, the first opened session will be disconnected. The error session replaced will be sent to the disconnected session. The value for this option can be either a number, or infinity. The default value is infinity.
The syntax is:
{access, max_user_sessions, [{<maxnumber>, <aclname>},
...
]}.
Examples:
{access, max_user_sessions, [{10, all}]}.
Shapers enable you to limit connection traffic. The syntax of shapers is like this:
{shaper, <shapername>, <kind>}.
Currently only one kind of shaper called maxrate is available. It has the following syntax:
{maxrate, <rate>}
where <rate> stands for the maximum allowed incomig rate in bytes per second.
Examples:
{shaper, normal, {maxrate, 1000}}.
{shaper, fast, {maxrate, 50000}}.
The option language defines the default language of server strings that can be seen by Jabber clients. If a Jabber client do not support xml:lang, the specified language is used. The default value is en. In order to take effect there must be a translation file <language>.msg in ejabberd's msgs directory.
Examples:
{language, "ru"}.
{language, "es"}.
ejabberd uses its internal Mnesia database by default. However, it is possible to use a relational database or an LDAP server to store persistant, long-living data. ejabberd is very flexible: you can configure different authentication methods for different virtual hosts, you can configure different authentication mechanisms for the same virtual host (fallback), you can set different storage systems for modules, and so forth.
The following databases are supported by ejabberd:
The following LDAP servers are tested with ejabberd:
Although this section will describe ejabberd's configuration when you want to use the native MySQL driver, it does not describe MySQL's installation and database creation. Check the MySQL documentation and the tutorial Using ejabberd with MySQL native driver for information regarding these topics. Note that the tutorial contains information about ejabberd's configuration which is duplicate to this section.
Moreover, the file mysql.sql in the directory src/odbc might be interesting for you. This file contains the ejabberd schema for MySQL. At the end of the file you can find information to update your database schema.
You can skip this step if you installed ejabberd using a binary installer or if the binary packages of ejabberd you are using include support for MySQL.
./configure --enable-odbc && make install
The option value name may be misleading, as the auth_method name is used for access to a relational database through ODBC, as well as through the native MySQL interface. Anyway, the first configuration step is to define the odbc auth_method. For example:
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [odbc]}]}.
The actual database access is defined in the option odbc_server. Its value is used to define if we want to use ODBC, or one of the two native interface available, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
To use the native MySQL interface, you can pass a tuple of the following form as parameter:
{mysql, "Server", "Database", "Username", "Password"}
mysql is a keyword that should be kept as is. For example:
{odbc_server, {mysql, "localhost", "test", "root", "password"}}.
Optionally, it is possible to define the MySQL port to use. This option is only useful, in very rare cases, when you are not running MySQL with the default port setting. The mysql parameter can thus take the following form:
{mysql, "Server", Port, "Database", "Username", "Password"}
The Port value should be an integer, without quotes. For example:
{odbc_server, {mysql, "localhost", Port, "test", "root", "password"}}.
MySQL also can be used to store information into from several ejabberd modules. See section 3.3.1 to see which modules have a version with the `_odbc'. This suffix indicates that the module can be used with relational databases like MySQL. To enable storage to your database, just make sure that your database is running well (see previous sections), and replace the suffix-less or ldap module variant with the odbc module variant. Keep in mind that you cannot have several variants of the same module loaded!
Although this section will describe ejabberd's configuration when you want to use Microsoft SQL Server, it does not describe Microsoft SQL Server's installation and database creation. Check the MySQL documentation and the tutorial Using ejabberd with MySQL native driver for information regarding these topics. Note that the tutorial contains information about ejabberd's configuration which is duplicate to this section.
Moreover, the file mssql.sql in the directory src/odbc might be interesting for you. This file contains the ejabberd schema for Microsoft SQL Server. At the end of the file you can find information to update your database schema.
You can skip this step if you installed ejabberd using a binary installer or if the binary packages of ejabberd you are using include support for ODBC.
If you want to use Microsoft SQL Server with ODBC, you need to configure, compile and install ejabberd with support for ODBC and Microsoft SQL Server enabled. This can be done, by using next commands:
./configure --enable-odbc --enable-mssql && make install
The configuration of Microsoft SQL Server is the same as the configuration of ODBC compatible serers (see section 3.2.4).
Microsoft SQL Server also can be used to store information into from several ejabberd modules. See section 3.3.1 to see which modules have a version with the `_odbc'. This suffix indicates that the module can be used with relational databases like Microsoft SQL Server. To enable storage to your database, just make sure that your database is running well (see previous sections), and replace the suffix-less or ldap module variant with the odbc module variant. Keep in mind that you cannot have several variants of the same module loaded!
Although this section will describe ejabberd's configuration when you want to use the native PostgreSQL driver, it does not describe PostgreSQL's installation and database creation. Check the PostgreSQL documentation and the tutorial Using ejabberd with MySQL native driver for information regarding these topics. Note that the tutorial contains information about ejabberd's configuration which is duplicate to this section.
Also the file pg.sql in the directory src/odbc might be interesting for you. This file contains the ejabberd schema for PostgreSQL. At the end of the file you can find information to update your database schema.
You can skip this step if you installed ejabberd using a binary installer or if the binary packages of ejabberd you are using include support for PostgreSQL.
./configure --enable-odbc && make install
The option value name may be misleading, as the auth_method name is used for access to a relational database through ODBC, as well as through the native PostgreSQL interface. Anyway, the first configuration step is to define the odbc auth_method. For example:
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [odbc]}]}.
The actual database access is defined in the option odbc_server. Its value is used to define if we want to use ODBC, or one of the two native interface available, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
To use the native PostgreSQL interface, you can pass a tuple of the following form as parameter:
{pgsql, "Server", "Database", "Username", "Password"}
pgsql is a keyword that should be kept as is. For example:
{odbc_server, {pgsql, "localhost", "database", "ejabberd", "password"}}.
Optionally, it is possible to define the PostgreSQL port to use. This option is only useful, in very rare cases, when you are not running PostgreSQL with the default port setting. The pgsql parameter can thus take the following form:
{pgsql, "Server", Port, "Database", "Username", "Password"}
The Port value should be an integer, without quotes. For example:
{odbc_server, {pgsql, "localhost", 5432, "database", "ejabberd", "password"}}.
PostgreSQL also can be used to store information into from several ejabberd modules. See section 3.3.1 to see which modules have a version with the `_odbc'. This suffix indicates that the module can be used with relational databases like PostgreSQL. To enable storage to your database, just make sure that your database is running well (see previous sections), and replace the suffix-less or ldap module variant with the odbc module variant. Keep in mind that you cannot have several variants of the same module loaded!
Although this section will describe ejabberd's configuration when you want to use the ODBC driver, it does not describe the installation and database creation of your database. Check the documentation of your database. The tutorial Using ejabberd with MySQL native driver also can help you. Note that the tutorial contains information about ejabberd's configuration which is duplicate to this section.
You can skip this step if you installed ejabberd using a binary installer or if the binary packages of ejabberd you are using include support for ODBC.
./configure --enable-odbc && make install
The first configuration step is to define the odbc auth_method. For example:
{host_config, "public.example.org", [{auth_method, [odbc]}]}.
The actual database access is defined in the option odbc_server. Its value is used to defined if we want to use ODBC, or one of the two native interface available, PostgreSQL or MySQL.
To use a relational database through ODBC, you can pass the ODBC connection string as odbc_server parameter. For example:
{odbc_server, "DSN=database;UID=ejabberd;PWD=password"}.
An ODBC compatible database also can be used to store information into from several ejabberd modules. See section 3.3.1 to see which modules have a version with the `_odbc'. This suffix indicates that the module can be used with ODBC compatible relational databases. To enable storage to your database, just make sure that your database is running well (see previous sections), and replace the suffix-less or ldap module variant with the odbc module variant. Keep in mind that you cannot have several variants of the same module loaded!
ejabberd has built-in LDAP support. You can authenticate users against LDAP server and use LDAP directory as vCard storage. Shared rosters are not supported yet.
Parameters:
Example:
{auth_method, ldap}.
{ldap_servers, ["ldap.example.org"]}.
{ldap_port, 389}.
{ldap_rootdn, "cn=Manager,dc=domain,dc=org"}.
{ldap_password, "secret"}.
Note that current LDAP implementation does not support SSL secured communication and SASL authentication.
You can authenticate users against an LDAP directory. Available options are:
Let's say ldap.example.org is the name of our LDAP server. We have users with their passwords in "ou=Users,dc=example,dc=org" directory. Also we have addressbook, which contains users emails and their additional infos in "ou=AddressBook,dc=example,dc=org" directory. Corresponding authentication section should looks like this:
%% authentication method
{auth_method, ldap}.
%% DNS name of our LDAP server
{ldap_servers, ["ldap.example.org"]}.
%% Bind to LDAP server as "cn=Manager,dc=example,dc=org" with password "secret"
{ldap_rootdn, "cn=Manager,dc=example,dc=org"}.
{ldap_password, "secret"}.
%% define the user's base
{ldap_base, "ou=Users,dc=example,dc=org"}.
%% We want to authorize users from 'shadowAccount' object class only
{ldap_filter, "(objectClass=shadowAccount)"}.
Now we want to use users LDAP-info as their vCards. We have four attributes defined in our LDAP schema: "mail" — email address, "givenName" — first name, "sn" — second name, "birthDay" — birthday. Also we want users to search each other. Let's see how we can set it up:
{modules,
...
{mod_vcard_ldap,
[
%% We use the same server and port, but want to bind anonymously because
%% our LDAP server accepts anonymous requests to
%% "ou=AddressBook,dc=example,dc=org" subtree.
{ldap_rootdn, ""},
{ldap_password, ""},
%% define the addressbook's base
{ldap_base, "ou=AddressBook,dc=example,dc=org"},
%% uidattr: user's part of JID is located in the "mail" attribute
%% uidattr_format: common format for our emails
{ldap_uids, [{"mail", "%u@mail.example.org"}]},
%% We have to define empty filter here, because entries in addressbook does not
%% belong to shadowAccount object class
{ldap_filter, ""},
%% Now we want to define vCard pattern
{ldap_vcard_map,
[{"NICKNAME", "%u", []}, % just use user's part of JID as his nickname
{"GIVEN", "%s", ["givenName"]},
{"FAMILY", "%s", ["sn"]},
{"FN", "%s, %s", ["sn", "givenName"]}, % example: "Smith, John"
{"EMAIL", "%s", ["mail"]},
{"BDAY", "%s", ["birthDay"]}]},
%% Search form
{ldap_search_fields,
[{"User", "%u"},
{"Name", "givenName"},
{"Family Name", "sn"},
{"Email", "mail"},
{"Birthday", "birthDay"}]},
%% vCard fields to be reported
%% Note that JID is always returned with search results
{ldap_search_reported,
[{"Full Name", "FN"},
{"Nickname", "NICKNAME"},
{"Birthday", "BDAY"}]}
]},
...
}.
Note that mod_vcard_ldap module checks for the existence of the user before searching in his information in LDAP.
Active Directory is just an LDAP-server with predefined attributes. A sample configuration is shown below:
{auth_method, ldap}.
{ldap_servers, ["office.org"]}. % List of LDAP servers
{ldap_base, "DC=office,DC=org"}. % Search base of LDAP directory
{ldap_rootdn, "CN=Administrator,CN=Users,DC=office,DC=org"}. % LDAP manager
{ldap_password, "*******"}. % Password to LDAP manager
{ldap_uids, [{"sAMAccountName"}]}.
{ldap_filter, "(memberOf=*)"}.
{modules,
...
{mod_vcard_ldap,
[{ldap_vcard_map,
[{"NICKNAME", "%u", []},
{"GIVEN", "%s", ["givenName"]},
{"MIDDLE", "%s", ["initials"]},
{"FAMILY", "%s", ["sn"]},
{"FN", "%s", ["displayName"]},
{"EMAIL", "%s", ["mail"]},
{"ORGNAME", "%s", ["company"]},
{"ORGUNIT", "%s", ["department"]},
{"CTRY", "%s", ["c"]},
{"LOCALITY", "%s", ["l"]},
{"STREET", "%s", ["streetAddress"]},
{"REGION", "%s", ["st"]},
{"PCODE", "%s", ["postalCode"]},
{"TITLE", "%s", ["title"]},
{"URL", "%s", ["wWWHomePage"]},
{"DESC", "%s", ["description"]},
{"TEL", "%s", ["telephoneNumber"]}]},
{ldap_search_fields,
[{"User", "%u"},
{"Name", "givenName"},
{"Family Name", "sn"},
{"Email", "mail"},
{"Company", "company"},
{"Department", "department"},
{"Role", "title"},
{"Description", "description"},
{"Phone", "telephoneNumber"}]},
{ldap_search_reported,
[{"Full Name", "FN"},
{"Nickname", "NICKNAME"},
{"Email", "EMAIL"}]}
]},
...
}.
The option modules defines the list of modules that will be loaded after ejabberd's startup. Each entry in the list is a tuple in which the first element is the name of a module and the second is a list of options for that module.
Examples:
{modules,
[{mod_echo, []}
]}.
{modules,
[{mod_echo, []},
{mod_time, []},
{mod_version, []}
]}.
The following table lists all modules available in the official ejabberd distribution. You can find more contributed modules on the ejabberd website. Please remember that these contributions might not work or that they can contain severe bugs and security leaks. Therefore, use them at your own risk!
You can see which database backend each module needs by looking at the suffix:
If you want to It is possible to use a relational database to store pieces of information. You can do this by changing the module name to a name with an _odbc suffix in ejabberd config file. You can use a relational database for the following data:
Module Feature Dependencies Needed for XMPP? mod_adhoc Ad-Hoc Commands (XEP-0050) No mod_announce Manage announcements mod_adhoc No mod_configure Support for online mod_adhoc No configuration of ejabberd mod_disco Service Discovery (XEP-0030) No mod_echo Echoes Jabber packets No mod_irc IRC transport No mod_last Last Activity (XEP-0012) No mod_last_odbc Last Activity (XEP-0012) supported database (*) No mod_muc Multi-User Chat (XEP-0045) No mod_muc_log Multi-User Chat room logging mod_muc No mod_offline Offline message storage No mod_offline_odbc Offline message storage supported database (*) No mod_privacy Blocking Communication Yes mod_private Private XML Storage (XEP-0049) No mod_private_odbc Private XML Storage (XEP-0049) supported database (*) No mod_proxy65 SOCKS5 Bytestreams (XEP-0065) No mod_pubsub Publish-Subscribe (XEP-0060) No mod_register In-Band Registration (XEP-0077) No mod_roster Roster management Yes (**) mod_roster_odbc Roster management supported database (*) Yes (**) mod_service_log Copy user messages to logger service No mod_shared_roster Shared roster management mod_roster or No mod_roster_odbc mod_stats Statistics Gathering (XEP-0039) No mod_time Entity Time (XEP-0090) No mod_vcard vcard-temp (XEP-0054) No mod_vcard_ldap vcard-temp (XEP-0054) LDAP server No mod_vcard_odbc vcard-temp (XEP-0054) supported database (*) No mod_version Software Version (XEP-0092) No
The following options are used by many modules. Therefore, they are described in this separate section.
Many modules define handlers for processing IQ queries of different namespaces to this server or to a user (e. g. to example.org or to user@example.org). This option defines processing discipline for these queries. Possible values are:
Example:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_time, [{iqdisc, no_queue}]},
...
]}.
This option defines the Jabber ID of a service provided by an ejabberd module. The keyword "@HOST@" is replaced at start time with the real virtual host string.
This example configures the echo module to provide its echoing service in the Jabber ID mirror.example.org:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_echo, [{host, "mirror.example.org"}]},
...
]}.
However, if there are several virtual hosts and this module is enabled in all of them, the "@HOST@" keyword must be used:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_echo, [{host, "mirror.@HOST@"}]},
...
]}.
This module enables configured users to broadcast announcements and to set the message of the day (MOTD). Configured users can do these actions with their Jabber client using Ad-hoc commands or by sending messages to specific JIDs. These JIDs are listed in next paragraph. The first JID in each entry will apply only to the virtual host example.org, while the JID between brackets will apply to all virtual hosts:
Options:
Examples:
{access, announce, [{allow, admins}]}.
{modules,
[
...
{mod_announce, [{access, announce}]},
...
]}.
{acl, direction, {user, "big_boss", "example.org"}}.
{acl, direction, {user, "assistant", "example.org"}}.
{acl, admins, {user, "admin", "example.org"}}.
...
{access, announce, [{allow, admins},
{allow, direction}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_announce, [{access, announce}]},
...
]}.
Note that mod_announce can be resource intensive on large deployments as it can broadcast lot of messages. This module should be disabled for instances of ejabberd with hundreds of thousands users.
This module adds support for Service Discovery (XEP-0030). With this module enabled, services on your server can be discovered by Jabber clients. Note that ejabberd has no modules with support for the superseded Jabber Browsing (XEP-0011) and Agent Information (XEP-0094). Accordingly, Jabber clients need to have support for the newer Service Discovery protocol if you want them be able to discover the services you offer.
Options:
Examples:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_disco, [{extra_domains, ["users.jabber.org"]}]},
...
]}.
{modules,
[
...
{mod_disco, [{extra_domains, ["icq.example.com",
"msn.example.com"]}]},
...
]}.
{modules,
[
...
{mod_disco, [{extra_domains, ["example.org",
"example.com"]}]},
...
]}.
This module simply echoes any Jabber packet back to the sender. This mirror can be of interest for ejabberd and Jabber client debugging.
Options:
Example: Mirror, mirror, on the wall, who is the most beautiful of them all?
{modules,
[
...
{mod_echo, [{host, "mirror.example.org"}]},
...
]}.
This module is an IRC transport that can be used to join channels on IRC servers.
End user information:
Options:
Examples:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_irc, [{access, all}, {default_encoding, "iso8859-15"}]},
...
]}.
{acl, paying_customers, {user, "customer1", "example.net"}}.
{acl, paying_customers, {user, "customer2", "example.com"}}.
{acl, paying_customers, {user, "customer3", "example.org"}}.
...
{access, paying_customers, [{allow, paying_customers},
{deny, all}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_irc, [{access, paying_customers},
{host, "irc.example.net"}]},
...
]}.
This module adds support for Last Activity (XEP-0012). It can be used to discover when a disconnected user last accessed the server, to know when a connected user was last active on the server, or to query the uptime of the ejabberd server.
Options:
With this module enabled, your server will support Multi-User Chat (XEP-0045). End users will be able to join text conferences. Notice that this module is not (yet) clusterable.
Some of the features of Multi-User Chat:
Options:
Examples:
{acl, admins, {user, "admin", "example.org"}}.
...
{access, muc_admins, [{allow, admins}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_muc, [{access, all},
{access_create, all},
{access_admin, muc_admins},
{history_size, 0}]},
...
]}.
{acl, paying_customers, {user, "customer1", "example.net"}}.
{acl, paying_customers, {user, "customer2", "example.com"}}.
{acl, paying_customers, {user, "customer3", "example.org"}}.
{acl, admins, {user, "admin", "example.org"}}.
...
{access, muc_admins, [{allow, admins},
{deny, all}]}.
{access, muc_access, [{allow, paying_customers},
{allow, admins},
{deny, all}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_muc, [{access, muc_access},
{access_create, muc_admins},
{access_admin, muc_admins}]},
...
]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_muc, [{min_message_interval, 0.4},
{min_presence_interval, 4}]},
...
]}.
{modules,
[
...
{mod_muc, [{access, muc_access},
{access_create, muc_admins},
{default_room_options, [
{allow_change_subj, false},
{allow_query_users, true},
{allow_private_messages, true},
{members_by_default, false},
{title, "New chatroom"},
{anonymous, false}
]},
{access_admin, muc_admins}]},
...
]}.
The Multi-Users Chat module now supports clustering and load balancing. One module can be started per cluster node. Rooms are distributed at creation time on all available MUC module instances. The multi-user chat module is clustered but the room themselves are not clustered nor fault-tolerant: If the node managing a set of rooms goes down, the rooms disappear and they will be recreated on an available node on first connection attempt.
This module enables optional logging of Multi-User Chat (MUC) conversations to HTML. Once you enable this module, users can join a chatroom using a MUC capable Jabber client, and if they have enough privileges, they can request the configuration form in which they can set the option to enable chatroom logging.
Features:
Options:
Examples:
<a href="http://www.jabber.ru">Jabber.ru</a>.
{access, muc, [{allow, all}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_muc_log, [
{access_log, muc},
{cssfile, "http://example.com/my.css"},
{dirtype, plain},
{outdir, "/var/www/muclogs"},
{timezone, universal},
{spam_prevention, true},
{top_link, {"http://www.jabber.ru", "Jabber.ru"}}
]},
...
]}.
<a href="/">Home</a>.
{acl, admins, {user, "admin1", "example.org"}}.
{acl, admins, {user, "admin2", "example.net"}}.
...
{access, muc_log, [{allow, admins},
{deny, all}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_muc_log, [
{access_log, muc_log},
{cssfile, false},
{dirtype, subdirs},
{outdir, "/var/www/muclogs"},
{timezone, local}
]},
...
]}.
This module implements offline message storage. This means that all messages sent to an offline user will be stored on the server until that user comes online again. Thus it is very similar to how email works. Note that ejabberdctl has a command to delete expired messages (see section 4.1.2).
This module implements Blocking Communication (also known as Privacy Rules) as defined in section 10 from XMPP IM. If end users have support for it in their Jabber client, they will be able to:
(from http://www.xmpp.org/specs/rfc3921.html#privacy)
- Retrieving one's privacy lists.
- Adding, removing, and editing one's privacy lists.
- Setting, changing, or declining active lists.
- Setting, changing, or declining the default list (i.e., the list that is active by default).
- Allowing or blocking messages based on JID, group, or subscription type (or globally).
- Allowing or blocking inbound presence notifications based on JID, group, or subscription type (or globally).
- Allowing or blocking outbound presence notifications based on JID, group, or subscription type (or globally).
- Allowing or blocking IQ stanzas based on JID, group, or subscription type (or globally).
- Allowing or blocking all communications based on JID, group, or subscription type (or globally).
Options:
This module adds support for Private XML Storage (XEP-0049):
Using this method, Jabber entities can store private data on the server and retrieve it whenever necessary. The data stored might be anything, as long as it is valid XML. One typical usage for this namespace is the server-side storage of client-specific preferences; another is Bookmark Storage (XEP-0048).
Options:
This module implements SOCKS5 Bytestreams (XEP-0065). It allows ejabberd to act as a file transfer proxy between two XMPP clients.
Options:
{127,0,0,1}.
Examples:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_proxy65, []},
...
]}.
{acl, proxy_users, {server, "example.org"}}.
{access, proxy65_access, [{allow, proxy_users}, {deny, all}]}.
...
{acl, admin, {user, "admin", "example.org"}}.
{shaper, normal, {maxrate, 10240}}. %% 10 Kbytes/sec
{access, proxy65_shaper, [{none, admin}, {normal, all}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_proxy65, [{host, "proxy1.example.org"},
{name, "File Transfer Proxy"},
{ip, {200,150,100,1}},
{port, 7778},
{max_connections, 5},
{access, proxy65_access},
{shaper, proxy65_shaper}]},
...
]}.
This module offers a Publish-Subscribe Service (XEP-0060). Publish-Subscribe can be used to develop (examples are taken from the XEP):
- news feeds and content syndacation,
- avatar management,
- shared bookmarks,
- auction and trading systems,
- online catalogs,
- workflow systems,
- network management systems,
- NNTP gateways,
- vCard/profile management,
- and weblogs.
Another example is J-EAI. This is an XMPP-based Enterprise Application Integration (EAI) platform (also known as ESB, the Enterprise Service Bus). The J-EAI project builts upon ejabberd's codebase and has contributed several features to mod_pubsub.
Options:
Example:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_pubsub, [{served_hosts, ["example.com",
"example.org"]},
{access_createnode, pubsub_createnode}]}
...
]}.
This module adds support for In-Band Registration (XEP-0077). This protocol enables end users to use a Jabber client to:
Options:
Examples:
{acl, shortname, {user_glob, "?"}}.
{acl, shortname, {user_glob, "??"}}.
% The same using regexp:
%{acl, shortname, {user_regexp, "^..?$"}}.
...
{access, register, [{deny, shortname},
{allow, all}]}.
...
{modules,
[
...
{mod_register, [{access, register}]},
...
]}.
{access, register, [{deny, all}]}.
{modules,
[
...
% {mod_register, [{access, register}]},
...
]}.
{modules,
[
...
{mod_register, [
{welcome_message, {"Welcome!", "Welcome to this Jabber server. For information about Jabber visit http://www.jabber.org"}},
{registration_watchers, ["admin1@example.org", "admin2@example.org", "boss@example.net"]}
]},
...
]}.
This module implements roster management as defined in RFC 3921: XMPP IM.
Options:
This module adds support for logging end user packets via a Jabber message
auditing service such as
Bandersnatch. All user
packets are encapsulated in a <route/> element and sent to the specified
service(s).
Options:
Examples:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_service_log, [{loggers, ["bandersnatch.example.com"]}]},
...
]}.
{modules,
[
...
{mod_service_log, [{loggers, ["bandersnatch.example.com",
"bandersnatch.example.org"]}]},
...
]}.
This module enables you to create shared roster groups. This means that you can create groups of people that can see members from (other) groups in their rosters. The big advantages of this feature are that end users do not need to manually add all users to their rosters, and that they cannot permanently delete users from the shared roster groups.
Shared roster groups can be edited only via the web interface. Each group has a unique identification and the following parameters:
Examples:
Identification Group `club_members' Name Club Members Description Members from the computer club Members
member1@example.org member2@example.org member3@example.org Displayed groups club_members
Identification Group `management' Group `marketing' Group `sales' Name Management Marketing Sales Description Members
manager1@example.org manager2@example.org manager3@example.org manager4@example.org
marketeer1@example.org marketeer2@example.org marketeer3@example.org marketeer4@example.org
saleswoman1@example.org salesman1@example.org saleswoman2@example.org salesman2@example.org Displayed groups
management marketing sales
management marketing
management sales
This module adds support for Statistics Gathering (XEP-0039). This protocol allows you to retrieve next statistics from your ejabberd deployment:
Options:
As there are only a small amount of clients (for example Tkabber) and software libraries with support for this XEP, a few examples are given of the XML you need to send in order to get the statistics. Here they are:
<iq to='example.org' type='get'>
<query xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/stats'>
<stat name='users/online'/>
</query>
</iq>
<iq to='example.org' type='get'>
<query xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/stats'>
<stat name='users/all-hosts/total'/>
</query>
</iq>
This module features support for Entity Time (XEP-0090). By using this XEP, you are able to discover the time at another entity's location.
Options:
This module allows end users to store and retrieve their vCard, and to retrieve other users vCards, as defined in vcard-temp (XEP-0054). The module also implements an uncomplicated Jabber User Directory based on the vCards of these users. Moreover, it enables the server to send its vCard when queried.
Options:
Examples:
{modules,
[
...
{mod_vcard, [{search, true},
{matches, 20},
{allow_return_all, true},
{search_all_hosts, false}]},
...
]}.
{modules,
[
...
{mod_vcard, [{search, true},
{matches, infinity},
{allow_return_all, true}]},
...
]}.
ejabberd can map LDAP attributes to vCard fields. This behaviour is implemented in the mod_vcard_ldap module. This module does not depend on the authentication method (see 3.2.5). The mod_vcard_ldap module has its own optional parameters. The first group of parameters has the same meaning as the top-level LDAP parameters to set the authentication method: ldap_servers, ldap_port, ldap_rootdn, ldap_password, ldap_base, ldap_uids, and ldap_filter. See section 3.2.5 for detailed information about these options. If one of these options is not set, ejabberd will look for the top-level option with the same name. The second group of parameters consists of the following mod_vcard_ldap-specific options:
[{"NICKNAME", "%u", []},
{"FN", "%s", ["displayName"]},
{"FAMILY", "%s", ["sn"]},
{"GIVEN", "%s", ["givenName"]},
{"MIDDLE", "%s", ["initials"]},
{"ORGNAME", "%s", ["o"]},
{"ORGUNIT", "%s", ["ou"]},
{"CTRY", "%s", ["c"]},
{"LOCALITY", "%s", ["l"]},
{"STREET", "%s", ["street"]},
{"REGION", "%s", ["st"]},
{"PCODE", "%s", ["postalCode"]},
{"TITLE", "%s", ["title"]},
{"URL", "%s", ["labeleduri"]},
{"DESC", "%s", ["description"]},
{"TEL", "%s", ["telephoneNumber"]},
{"EMAIL", "%s", ["mail"]},
{"BDAY", "%s", ["birthDay"]},
{"ROLE", "%s", ["employeeType"]},
{"PHOTO", "%s", ["jpegPhoto"]}]
[{"User", "%u"},
{"Full Name", "displayName"},
{"Given Name", "givenName"},
{"Middle Name", "initials"},
{"Family Name", "sn"},
{"Nickname", "%u"},
{"Birthday", "birthDay"},
{"Country", "c"},
{"City", "l"},
{"Email", "mail"},
{"Organization Name", "o"},
{"Organization Unit", "ou"}]
[{"Full Name", "FN"},
{"Given Name", "GIVEN"},
{"Middle Name", "MIDDLE"},
{"Family Name", "FAMILY"},
{"Nickname", "NICKNAME"},
{"Birthday", "BDAY"},
{"Country", "CTRY"},
{"City", "LOCALITY"},
{"Email", "EMAIL"},
{"Organization Name", "ORGNAME"},
{"Organization Unit", "ORGUNIT"}]
Examples:
Let's say ldap.example.org is the name of our LDAP server. We have users with their passwords in "ou=Users,dc=example,dc=org" directory. Also we have addressbook, which contains users emails and their additional infos in "ou=AddressBook,dc=example,dc=org" directory. Corresponding authentication section should looks like this:
%% authentication method
{auth_method, ldap}.
%% DNS name of our LDAP server
{ldap_servers, ["ldap.example.org"]}.
%% We want to authorize users from 'shadowAccount' object class only
{ldap_filter, "(objectClass=shadowAccount)"}.
Now we want to use users LDAP-info as their vCards. We have four attributes defined in our LDAP schema: "mail" — email address, "givenName" — first name, "sn" — second name, "birthDay" — birthday. Also we want users to search each other. Let's see how we can set it up:
{modules,
...
{mod_vcard_ldap,
[
%% We use the same server and port, but want to bind anonymously because
%% our LDAP server accepts anonymous requests to
%% "ou=AddressBook,dc=example,dc=org" subtree.
{ldap_rootdn, ""},
{ldap_password, ""},
%% define the addressbook's base
{ldap_base, "ou=AddressBook,dc=example,dc=org"},
%% uidattr: user's part of JID is located in the "mail" attribute
%% uidattr_format: common format for our emails
{ldap_uids, [{"mail","%u@mail.example.org"}]},
%% We have to define empty filter here, because entries in addressbook does not
%% belong to shadowAccount object class
{ldap_filter, ""},
%% Now we want to define vCard pattern
{ldap_vcard_map,
[{"NICKNAME", "%u", []}, % just use user's part of JID as his nickname
{"GIVEN", "%s", ["givenName"]},
{"FAMILY", "%s", ["sn"]},
{"FN", "%s, %s", ["sn", "givenName"]}, % example: "Smith, John"
{"EMAIL", "%s", ["mail"]},
{"BDAY", "%s", ["birthDay"]}]},
%% Search form
{ldap_search_fields,
[{"User", "%u"},
{"Name", "givenName"},
{"Family Name", "sn"},
{"Email", "mail"},
{"Birthday", "birthDay"}]},
%% vCard fields to be reported
%% Note that JID is always returned with search results
{ldap_search_reported,
[{"Full Name", "FN"},
{"Nickname", "NICKNAME"},
{"Birthday", "BDAY"}]}
]}
...
}.
Note that mod_vcard_ldap module checks an existence of the user before searching his info in LDAP.
{ldap_vcard_map,
[{"NICKNAME", "%u", []},
{"FN", "%s", ["displayName"]},
{"CTRY", "Russia", []},
{"EMAIL", "%u@%d", []},
{"DESC", "%s\n%s", ["title", "description"]}
]},
{ldap_search_fields,
[{"User", "uid"},
{"Full Name", "displayName"},
{"Email", "mail"}
]},
{ldap_search_reported,
[{"Full Name", "FN"},
{"Email", "EMAIL"},
{"Birthday", "BDAY"},
{"Nickname", "NICKNAME"}
]},
This module implements Software Version (XEP-0092). Consequently, it answers ejabberd's version when queried.
Options:
To perform online configuration of ejabberd you need to enable the
ejabberd_http listener with the option web_admin (see
section 3.1.3). Then you can open
http://server:port/admin/ in your favourite web browser. You
will be asked to enter the username (the full Jabber ID) and password
of an ejabberd user with administrator rights. After authentication
you will see a page similar to figure 4.1.
Here you can edit access restrictions, manage users, create backups, manage the database, enable/disable ports listened for, view server statistics,…
Examples:
http://example.org:5280/admin/ to
administer all virtual hosts or to
http://example.org:5280/admin/server/example.com/ to administer only
the virtual host example.com. Before you get access to the web interface
you need to enter as username, the JID and password from a registered user
that is allowed to configure ejabberd. In this example you can enter as
username `admin@example.net' to administer all virtual hosts (first
URL). If you log in with `admin@example.com' onhttp://example.org:5280/admin/server/example.com/ you can only
administer the virtual host example.com.
...
{acl, admins, {user, "admin", "example.net"}}.
{host_config, "example.com", [{acl, admins, {user, "admin", "example.com"}}]}.
{access, configure, [{allow, admins}]}.
...
{hosts, ["example.org"]}.
...
{listen,
[...
{5280, ejabberd_http, [http_poll, web_admin]},
...
]
}.
https://192.168.1.1:5280/admin/:
...
{hosts, ["example.org"]}.
...
{listen,
[...
{5270, ejabberd_http, [http_poll]},
{5280, ejabberd_http, [web_admin, {ip, {192, 168, 1, 1}},
tls, {certfile, "/usr/local/etc/server.pem"}]},
...
]
}.
It is possible to do some administration operations using the command line tool ejabberdctl. You can list all available options by running ejabberdctl without arguments:
% ejabberdctl Usage: ejabberdctl node command Available commands: status get ejabberd status stop stop ejabberd restart restart ejabberd reopen-log reopen log file register user server password register a user unregister user server unregister a user backup file store a database backup to file restore file restore a database backup from file install-fallback file install a database fallback from file dump file dump a database to a text file load file restore a database from a text file import-file file import user data from jabberd 1.4 spool file import-dir dir import user data from jabberd 1.4 spool directory registered-users list all registered users delete-expired-messages delete expired offline messages from database Example: ejabberdctl ejabberd@host restart
Additional information:
You need to take the following TCP ports in mind when configuring your firewall:
A Jabber domain is served by one or more ejabberd nodes. These nodes can be run on different machines that are connected via a network. They all must have the ability to connect to port 4369 of all another nodes, and must have the same magic cookie (see Erlang/OTP documentation, in other words the file ~ejabberd/.erlang.cookie must be the same on all nodes). This is needed because all nodes exchange information about connected users, s2s connections, registered services, etc…
Each ejabberd node has the following modules:
This module is the main router of Jabber packets on each node. It routes them based on their destination's domains. It uses a global routing table. The domain of the packet's destination is searched in the routing table, and if it is found, the packet is routed to the appropriate process. If not, it is sent to the s2s manager.
This module routes packets which have a destination domain equal to one of this server's host names. If the destination JID has a non-empty user part, it is routed to the session manager, otherwise it is processed depending on its content.
This module routes packets to local users. It looks up to which user resource a packet must be sent via a presence table. Then the packet is either routed to the appropriate c2s process, or stored in offline storage, or bounced back.
This module routes packets to other Jabber servers. First, it checks if an opened s2s connection from the domain of the packet's source to the domain of the packet's destination exists. If that is the case, the s2s manager routes the packet to the process serving this connection, otherwise a new connection is opened.
Suppose you already configured ejabberd on one machine named (first), and you need to setup another one to make an ejabberd cluster. Then do following steps:
~ejabberd/.erlang.cookie file from first to
second.(alt) You can also add `-cookie content_of_.erlang.cookie'
option to all `erl' commands below.
erl -sname ejabberd \
-mnesia extra_db_nodes "['ejabberd@first']" \
-s mnesia
This will start Mnesia serving the same database as ejabberd@first.
You can check this by running the command `mnesia:info().'. You
should see a lot of remote tables and a line like the following:
running db nodes = [ejabberd@first, ejabberd@second]
mnesia:change_table_copy_type(schema, node(), disc_copies).
This will create local disc storage for the database.
(alt) Change storage type of the scheme table to `RAM and disc copy' on the second node via the web interface.
mnesia:add_table_copy' or
`mnesia:change_table_copy_type' as above (just replace
`schema' with another table name and `disc_copies'
can be replaced with `ram_copies' or
`disc_only_copies').Which tables to replicate is very dependant on your needs, you can get
some hints from the command `mnesia:info().', by looking at the
size of tables and the default storage type for each table on 'first'.
Replicating a table makes lookups in this table faster on this node. Writing, on the other hand, will be slower. And of course if machine with one of the replicas is down, other replicas will be used.
Also section 5.3 (Table Fragmentation) of Mnesia User's Guide can be helpful.
(alt) Same as in previous item, but for other tables.
init:stop().' or just `q().' to exit from
the Erlang shell. This probably can take some time if Mnesia has not yet
transfered and processed all data it needed from first.acl'
and `access' options — they will be taken from
first, and mod_muc and mod_irc should be
enabled only on one machine in the cluster).
You can repeat these steps for other machines supposed to serve this domain.
ejabberd includes an algorithm to load balance the components that are plugged on an ejabberd cluster. It means that you can plug one or several instances of the same component on each ejabberd cluster and that the traffic will be automatically distributed.
The default distribution algorithm try to deliver to a local instance of a component. If several local instances are available, one instance is choosen randomly. If no instance is available locally, one instance is choosen randomly among the remote component instances.
If you need a different behaviour, you can change the load balancing behaviour with the option domain_balancing. The syntax of the option is the following:
{domain_balancing, "component.example.com", <balancing_criterium>}.
Several balancing criteria are available:
If the value corresponding to the criterium is the same, the same component instance in the cluster will be used.
When there is a risk of failure for a given component, domain balancing can cause service trouble. If one component is failling the service will not work correctly unless the sessions are rebalanced.
In this case, it is best to limit the problem to the sessions handled by the failling component. This is what the domain_balancing_component_number option does, making the load balancing algorithm not dynamic, but sticky on a fix number of component instances.
The syntax is the following:
{domain_balancing_component_number, "component.example.com", N}
ejabberd includes a watchdog mechanism to notify admins in realtime through XMPP when any process consumes too much memory.
To enable the watchdog, add the watchdog_admins option in the config file:
{watchdog_admins, [``admin@localhost'']}.
All built-in modules support the xml:lang attribute inside IQ queries. Figure A.1, for example, shows the reply to the following query:
<iq id='5'
to='example.org'
type='get'
xml:lang='ru'>
<query xmlns='http://jabber.org/protocol/disco#items'/>
</iq>
The web interface also supports the Accept-Language HTTP header (compare
figure A.2 with figure 4.1)
Release notes are available from ejabberd Home Page
Thanks to all people who contributed to this guide:
Ejabberd Installation and Operation Guide.
Copyright © 2003 — 2007 Process-one
This document is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
This document is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this document; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA.
This document was translated from LATEX by HEVEA.
