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<!--CUT DEF section 1 -->
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<H1 ALIGN=center>Ejabberd Installation and Operation Guide</H1>
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<H3 ALIGN=center>Alexey Shchepin<BR><A HREF="mailto:alexey@sevcom.net"><TT>mailto:alexey@sevcom.net</TT></A><BR><A HREF="xmpp:aleksey@jabber.ru"><TT>xmpp:aleksey@jabber.ru</TT></A></H3>
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<H3 ALIGN=center>February 3, 2003</H3> <DIV ALIGN=center>
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<IMG SRC="logo.png">
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</DIV><BR>
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC section Introduction-->
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<H2>1 Introduction</H2><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:intro"></A><TT>ejabberd</TT> is a Free and Open Source distributed fault-tolerant Jabber
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server. It writen mostly in Erlang.<BR>
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<BR>
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Main features of ejabberd is:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Distribution. You can run ejaberd on cluster of machines and all them
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will serve one Jabber domain.
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<LI> Fault-tolerance. You can setup ejabberd cluster in such way, that all
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information required for properly working will be stored permanently on more
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then one machine, so if one of them crashed, then all other ones continue
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working without any pauses. Also you can replace or add more machines ``on
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the fly''.
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<LI> Support of <A HREF="http://www.jabber.org/jeps/jep-0030.html">JEP-0030</A>
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(Service Discovery).
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<LI> Support of <A HREF="http://www.jabber.org/jeps/jep-0039.html">JEP-0039</A>
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(Statistics Gathering).
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<LI> Support of <TT>xml:lang</TT> attribute in many XML elements.
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<LI> JUD based on users vCards.
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</UL><!--TOC section Installation-->
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<H2>2 Installation</H2><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:installation"></A><!--TOC subsection Installation Requirements-->
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<H3>2.1 Installation Requirements</H3><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:installreq"></A>To compile <TT>ejabberd</TT>, you need following packages:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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GNU Make;
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<LI> GCC;
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<LI> libexpat 1.95 or later;
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<LI> Erlang/OTP R8B or later.
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</UL><!--TOC subsection Obtaining-->
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<H3>2.2 Obtaining</H3><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:obtaining"></A>Currently no stable version released.<BR>
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<BR>
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Latest alpha version can be retrieved via CVS. Do following steps:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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<TT>export CVSROOT=:pserver:cvs@www.jabber.ru:/var/spool/cvs</TT>
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<LI> <TT>cvs login</TT>
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<LI> Enter empty password
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<LI> <TT>cvs -z3 co ejabberd</TT>
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</UL><!--TOC subsection Compilation-->
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<H3>2.3 Compilation</H3><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:compilation"></A><PRE>
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./configure
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make
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</PRE>TBD<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC subsection Starting-->
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<H3>2.4 Starting</H3><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:starting"></A>... To use more then 1024 connections, you need to set environment
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variable <TT>ERL_MAX_PORTS</TT>:
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<PRE>
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export ERL_MAX_PORTS=32000
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</PRE>Note that with this value <TT>ejabberd</TT> will use more memory (approximately 6MB
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more)...<BR>
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<BR>
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<PRE>
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erl -name ejabberd -s ejabberd
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</PRE>TBD<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC section Configuration-->
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<H2>3 Configuration</H2><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:configuration"></A><!--TOC subsection Initial Configuration-->
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<H3>3.1 Initial Configuration</H3><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:initconfig"></A>Configuration file is loaded after first start of <TT>ejabberd</TT>. It consists of
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sequence of Erlang terms. Parts of lines after <TT>`%'</TT> sign are ignored.
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Each term is tuple, where first element is name of option, and other are option
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values. Note, that after first start all values from this file stored in
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database, and in next time they will be APPENDED to existing values. E. g.
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if this file will not contain ``host'' definition, then old value will be
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used.<BR>
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<BR>
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To override old values following lines can be added in config:
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<PRE>
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override_global.
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override_local.
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override_acls.
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</PRE>With this lines old global or local options or ACLs will be removed before
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adding new ones.<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC subsubsection Host Name-->
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<H4>3.1.1 Host Name</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:confighostname"></A>Option <TT>hostname</TT> defines name of Jabber domain that <TT>ejabberd</TT>
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serves. E. g. to use <TT>jabber.org</TT> domain add following line in config:
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<PRE>
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{host, "jabber.org"}.
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</PRE><!--TOC subsubsection Access Rules-->
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<H4>3.1.2 Access Rules</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:configaccess"></A>Access control in <TT>ejabberd</TT> is done via Access Control Lists (ACL).
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Declaration of ACL in config file have following syntax:
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<PRE>
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{acl, <aclname>, {<acltype>, ...}}.
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</PRE><TT><acltype></TT> can be one of following:
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<DL COMPACT=compact>
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<DT>
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<TT>all</TT><DD> Matches all JIDs. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, all, all}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{user, <username>}</TT><DD> Matches local user with name
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<TT><username></TT>. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, admin, {user, "aleksey"}}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{user, <username>, <server>}</TT><DD> Matches user with JID
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<TT><username>@<server></TT> and any resource. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, admin, {user, "aleksey", "jabber.ru"}}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{server, <server>}</TT><DD> Matches any JID from server
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<TT><server></TT>. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, jabberorg, {server, "jabber.org"}}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{user_regexp, <regexp>}</TT><DD> Matches local user with name that
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mathes <TT><regexp></TT>. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, tests, {user, "^test[0-9]*$"}}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{user_regexp, <regexp>, <server>}</TT><DD> Matches user with name
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that mathes <TT><regexp></TT> and from server <TT><server></TT>. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, tests, {user, "^test", "localhost"}}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{server_regexp, <regexp>}</TT><DD> Matches any JID from server that
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matches <TT><regexp></TT>. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, icq, {server, "^icq\\."}}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{node_regexp, <user_regexp>, <server_regexp>}</TT><DD> Matches user
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with name that mathes <TT><user_regexp></TT> and from server that matches
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<TT><server_regexp></TT>. Example:
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<PRE>
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{acl, aleksey, {node_regexp, "^aleksey", "^jabber.(ru|org)$"}}.
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</PRE>
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<DT><TT>{user_glob, <glob>}</TT><DD>
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<DT><TT>{user_glob, <glob>, <server>}</TT><DD>
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<DT><TT>{server_glob, <glob>}</TT><DD>
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<DT><TT>{node_glob, <user_glob>, <server_glob>}</TT><DD> This is same as
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above, but use shell glob patterns instead of regexp. This patterns can have
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following special characters:
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<DL COMPACT=compact>
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<DT>
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<TT>*</TT><DD> matches any string including the null string.
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<DT><TT>?</TT><DD> matches any single character.
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<DT><TT>[...]</TT><DD> matches any of the enclosed characters. Character
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ranges are specified by a pair of characters separated by a <TT>`-'</TT>.
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If the first character after <TT>`['</TT> is a <TT>`!'</TT>, then any
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character not enclosed is matched.
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</DL>
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</DL>Following ACLs pre-defined:
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<DL COMPACT=compact>
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<DT>
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<TT>all</TT><DD> Matches all JIDs.
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<DT><TT>none</TT><DD> Matches none JIDs.
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</DL>Allowing or denying of different services is like this:
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<PRE>
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{access, <accessname>, [{allow, <aclname>},
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{deny, <aclname>},
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...
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]}.
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</PRE>When JID is checked to have access to <TT><accessname></TT>, server
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sequentially checks if this JID in one of the ACLs that are second elements in
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each tuple in list. If one of them matched, then returned first element of
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matched tuple. Else returned ``<TT>deny</TT>''.<BR>
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<BR>
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Example:
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<PRE>
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{access, configure, [{allow, admin}]}.
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{access, something, [{deny, badmans},
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{allow, all}]}.
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</PRE>Following access rules pre-defined:
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<DL COMPACT=compact>
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<DT>
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<TT>all</TT><DD> Always return ``<TT>allow</TT>''
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<DT><TT>none</TT><DD> Always return ``<TT>deny</TT>''
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</DL><!--TOC subsubsection Listened Sockets-->
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<H4>3.1.3 Listened Sockets</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:configlistened"></A>Option <TT>listen</TT> defines list of listened sockets and what services
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runned on them. Each element of list is a tuple with following elements:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Port number;
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<LI> Module that serves this port;
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<LI> Function in this module that starts connection (likely will be removed);
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<LI> Options to this module.
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</UL>Currently three modules implemented:
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<DL COMPACT=compact>
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<DT>
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<TT>ejabberd_c2s</TT><DD> This module serves C2S connections.<BR>
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<BR>
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Following options defined:
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<DL COMPACT=compact>
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<DT>
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<TT>{access, <access rule>}</TT><DD> This option defines access of users
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to this C2S port. Default value is ``<TT>all</TT>''.
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</DL>
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<DT><TT>ejabberd_s2s_in</TT><DD> This module serves incoming S2S connections.
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<DT><TT>ejabberd_service</TT><DD> This module serves connections to Jabber
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services (i. e. that use <TT>jabber:component:accept</TT> namespace).
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</DL>For example, following configuration defines that C2S connections listened on
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port 5222 and denied for user ``<TT>bad</TT>'', S2S on port 5269 and that
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service <TT>conference.jabber.org</TT> must be connected to port 8888 with
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password ``<TT>secret</TT>''.<BR>
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<BR>
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<PRE>
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{acl, blocked, {user, "bad"}}.
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{access, c2s, [{deny, blocked},
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{allow, all}]}.
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{listen, [{5222, ejabberd_c2s, start, [{access, c2s}]},
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{5269, ejabberd_s2s_in, start, []},
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{8888, ejabberd_service, start,
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[{host, "conference.jabber.org", [{password, "secret"}]}]}
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]}.
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</PRE><!--TOC subsubsection Modules-->
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<H4>3.1.4 Modules</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:configmodules"></A>Option <TT>modules</TT> defines list of modules that will be loaded after
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<TT>ejabberd</TT> startup. Each list element is a tuple where first element is a
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name of module and second is list of options to this module. See
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section <A HREF="#sec:modules">5</A> for detailed information on each module.<BR>
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<BR>
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Example:
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<PRE>
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{modules, [
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{mod_register, []},
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{mod_roster, []},
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{mod_configure, []},
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{mod_disco, []},
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{mod_stats, []},
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{mod_vcard, []},
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{mod_offline, []},
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{mod_echo, [{host, "echo.localhost"}]},
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{mod_private, []},
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{mod_time, [{iqdisc, no_queue}]},
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{mod_version, []}
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]}.
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</PRE><!--TOC subsection Online Configuration and Monitoring-->
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<H3>3.2 Online Configuration and Monitoring</H3><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:onlineconfig"></A>To use facility of online reconfiguration of <TT>ejabberd</TT> needed to have
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<TT>mod_configure</TT> loaded (see section <A HREF="#sec:modconfigure">5.4</A>). Also highly
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recommended to load <TT>mod_disco</TT> (see section <A HREF="#sec:moddisco">5.5</A>), because
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<TT>mod_configure</TT> highly integrates with it. Also recommended to use disco- and
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xdata-capable client
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(<A HREF="http://www.jabber.ru/projects/tkabber/index_en.html">Tkabber</A>
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developed synchronously with <TT>ejabberd</TT>, its CVS version use most of
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<TT>ejabberd</TT> features).<BR>
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<BR>
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On disco query <TT>ejabberd</TT> returns following items:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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Identity of server.
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<LI> List of features, including defined namespaces.
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<LI> List of JIDs from route table.
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<LI> List of disco-nodes described in following subsections.
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</UL><!--TOC subsubsection Node <TT>config</TT>: Global Configuration-->
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<H4>3.2.1 Node <TT>config</TT>: Global Configuration</H4><!--SEC END -->
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Under this node exists following nodes:<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC paragraph Node <TT>config/hostname</TT>-->
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<H5> Node <TT>config/hostname</TT></H5><!--SEC END -->
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Via <TT>jabber:x:data</TT> queries to this node possible to change host name of
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this <TT>ejabberd</TT> server. (See figure <A HREF="#fig:hostname">1</A>) (Currently will work
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correctly only after restart)
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<BLOCKQUOTE><DIV ALIGN=center><DIV ALIGN=center><HR WIDTH="80%" SIZE=2></DIV>
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[hostname editing window]
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<DIV ALIGN=center>Figure 1: Editing of hostname</DIV><BR>
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<A NAME="fig:hostname"></A>
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<DIV ALIGN=center><HR WIDTH="80%" SIZE=2></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><!--TOC paragraph Node <TT>config/acls</TT>-->
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<H5> Node <TT>config/acls</TT></H5><!--SEC END -->
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Via <TT>jabber:x:data</TT> queries to this node possible to edit ACLs list. (See
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figure <A HREF="#fig:acls">2</A>)
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<BLOCKQUOTE><DIV ALIGN=center><DIV ALIGN=center><HR WIDTH="80%" SIZE=2></DIV>
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[acls editing window]
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<BR>
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<BR>
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<DIV ALIGN=center>Figure 2: Editing of ACLs</DIV><BR>
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<A NAME="fig:acls"></A>
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<DIV ALIGN=center><HR WIDTH="80%" SIZE=2></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE><!--TOC paragraph Node <TT>config/access</TT>-->
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<H5> Node <TT>config/access</TT></H5><!--SEC END -->
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Via <TT>jabber:x:data</TT> queries to this node possible to edit access rules.<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC paragraph Node <TT>config/remusers</TT>-->
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<H5> Node <TT>config/remusers</TT></H5><!--SEC END -->
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Via <TT>jabber:x:data</TT> queries to this node possible to remove users. If
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removed user is online, then he will be disconnected. Also user-related data
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(e.g. his roster) is removed (but appropriate module must be loaded).<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC subsubsection Node <TT>online users</TT>: List of Online Users-->
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<H4>3.2.2 Node <TT>online users</TT>: List of Online Users</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<!--TOC subsubsection Node <TT>all users</TT>: List of Connected User-->
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<H4>3.2.3 Node <TT>all users</TT>: List of Connected User</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<!--TOC subsubsection Node <TT>outgoing s2s</TT>: List of Outgoing S2S connections-->
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<H4>3.2.4 Node <TT>outgoing s2s</TT>: List of Outgoing S2S connections</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<!--TOC subsubsection Node <TT>running nodes</TT>: List of Running <TT>ejabberd</TT> Nodes-->
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<H4>3.2.5 Node <TT>running nodes</TT>: List of Running <TT>ejabberd</TT> Nodes</H4><!--SEC END -->
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<!--TOC subsubsection Node <TT>stopped nodes</TT>: List of Stopped Nodes-->
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<H4>3.2.6 Node <TT>stopped nodes</TT>: List of Stopped Nodes</H4><!--SEC END -->
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TBD<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC section Distribution-->
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<H2>4 Distribution</H2><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:distribution"></A><!--TOC subsection How it works-->
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<H3>4.1 How it works</H3><!--SEC END -->
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<A NAME="sec:howitworks"></A>Jabber domain is served by one or more <TT>ejabberd</TT> nodes. This nodes can be
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runned on different machines that can be connected via network. They all must
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have access to connect to port 4369 of all another nodes, and must have same
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magic cookie (see Erlang/OTP documentation, in short file
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<TT>~ejabberd/.erlang.cookie</TT> must be the same on all nodes). This is
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needed because all nodes exchange information about connected users, S2S
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connections, registered services, etc...<BR>
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<BR>
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Each <TT>ejabberd</TT> node run following modules:
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<UL>
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<LI>
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router;
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<LI> local router.
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<LI> session manager;
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<LI> S2S manager;
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</UL><!--TOC subsubsection Router-->
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<H4>4.1.1 Router</H4><!--SEC END -->
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This module is the main router of Jabber packets on each node. It route
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them based on their destanations domains. It have two tables: local and global
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routes. First, domain of packet destination searched in local table, and if it
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finded, then packet routed to appropriate process. If no, then it searched in
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global table, and routed to appropriate <TT>ejabberd</TT> node or process. If it not
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exists in both tables, then it sended to S2S manager.<BR>
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<BR>
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<!--TOC subsubsection Local Router-->
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<H4>4.1.2 Local Router</H4><!--SEC END -->
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|
This module route packets which have destination domain equal to this server
|
|
name. If destination JID have node, then it routed to session manager, else it
|
|
processed depending on it content.<BR>
|
|
<BR>
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|
<!--TOC subsubsection Session Manager-->
|
|
|
|
<H4>4.1.3 Session Manager</H4><!--SEC END -->
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|
This module route packets to local users. It search to what user resource
|
|
packet must be sended via presence table. If this reseouce connected to this
|
|
node, it routed to C2S process, if it connected via another node, then packet
|
|
sended to session manager on it.<BR>
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|
<BR>
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|
<!--TOC subsubsection S2S Manager-->
|
|
|
|
<H4>4.1.4 S2S Manager</H4><!--SEC END -->
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|
This module route packets to another Jabber servers. First, it check if
|
|
already exists opened S2S connection from domain of packet source to domain of
|
|
destination. If it opened on another node, then it routed to S2S manager on
|
|
that node, if it opened on this node, then it routed to process that serve this
|
|
connection, and if this connection not exists, then it opened and registered.<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
<!--TOC section Built-in Modules-->
|
|
|
|
<H2>5 Built-in Modules</H2><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modules"></A><!--TOC subsection Common Options-->
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|
|
|
<H3>5.1 Common Options</H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modcommonopts"></A>Following options used by many modules, so they described in separate section.<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
<!--TOC subsubsection Option <TT>iqdisc</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H4>5.1.1 Option <TT>iqdisc</TT></H4><!--SEC END -->
|
|
Many modules define handlers for processing IQ queries of different namespaces
|
|
to this server or to user (e. g. to <TT>myjabber.org</TT> or to
|
|
<TT>user@myjabber.org</TT>). This option defines processing discipline of this
|
|
queries. Possible values are:
|
|
<DL COMPACT=compact>
|
|
<DT>
|
|
<TT>no_queue</TT><DD> All queries of namespace with this processing
|
|
discipline processed immediately. This also means that no other packets can
|
|
be processed until finished this. Hence this discipline is not recommended
|
|
if processing of query can take relative many time.
|
|
|
|
<DT><TT>one_queue</TT><DD> In this case created separate queue for processing
|
|
IQ queries of namespace with this discipline, and processing of this queue
|
|
done in parallel with processing of other packets. This discipline is most
|
|
recommended.
|
|
|
|
<DT><TT>parallel</TT><DD> In this case for all packets of namespace with this
|
|
discipline spawned separate Erlang process, so all this packets processed in
|
|
parallel. Although spawning of Erlang process have relative low cost, this
|
|
can broke server normal work, because Erlang have limit of 32000 processes.
|
|
</DL>Example:
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
{modules, [
|
|
...
|
|
{mod_time, [{iqdisc, no_queue}]},
|
|
...
|
|
]}.
|
|
</PRE><!--TOC subsubsection Option <TT>host</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H4>5.1.2 Option <TT>host</TT></H4><!--SEC END -->
|
|
Some modules may act as services, and wants to have different domain name.
|
|
This option explicitly defines this name.<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
Example:
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
{modules, [
|
|
...
|
|
{mod_echo, [{host, "echo.myjabber.org"}]},
|
|
...
|
|
]}.
|
|
</PRE><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_register</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.2 <TT>mod_register</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modregister"></A><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_roster</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.3 <TT>mod_roster</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modroster"></A><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_configure</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.4 <TT>mod_configure</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modconfigure"></A><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_disco</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.5 <TT>mod_disco</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:moddisco"></A><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_stats</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.6 <TT>mod_stats</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modstats"></A>This module adds support of
|
|
<A HREF="http://www.jabber.org/jeps/jep-0039.html">JEP-0039</A> (Statistics Gathering).<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
Options:
|
|
<DL COMPACT=compact>
|
|
<DT>
|
|
<TT>iqdisc</TT><DD> <TT>http://jabber.org/protocol/stats</TT> IQ queries
|
|
processing discipline.
|
|
</DL>TBD about access.<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
<!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_vcard</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.7 <TT>mod_vcard</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modvcard"></A><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_offline</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.8 <TT>mod_offline</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modoffline"></A><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_echo</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.9 <TT>mod_echo</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modecho"></A><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_private</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.10 <TT>mod_private</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modprivate"></A>This module adds support of
|
|
<A HREF="http://www.jabber.org/jeps/jep-0049.html">JEP-0049</A> (Private XML
|
|
Storage).<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
Options:
|
|
<DL COMPACT=compact>
|
|
<DT>
|
|
<TT>iqdisc</TT><DD> <TT>jabber:iq:private</TT> IQ queries processing discipline.
|
|
</DL><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_time</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.11 <TT>mod_time</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modtime"></A>This module answers UTC time on <TT>jabber:iq:time</TT> queries.<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
Options:
|
|
<DL COMPACT=compact>
|
|
<DT>
|
|
<TT>iqdisc</TT><DD> <TT>jabber:iq:time</TT> IQ queries processing discipline.
|
|
</DL><!--TOC subsection <TT>mod_version</TT>-->
|
|
|
|
<H3>5.12 <TT>mod_version</TT></H3><!--SEC END -->
|
|
|
|
<A NAME="sec:modversion"></A>This module answers <TT>ejabberd</TT> version on <TT>jabber:iq:version</TT> queries.<BR>
|
|
<BR>
|
|
Options:
|
|
<DL COMPACT=compact>
|
|
<DT>
|
|
<TT>iqdisc</TT><DD> <TT>jabber:iq:version</TT> IQ queries processing discipline.
|
|
</DL><!--HTMLFOOT-->
|
|
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